I. Rédaction
A. Principes généraux
Récupérer tous les articles qui seront cités et les lire.
1. Le style scientifique et erreurs fréquentes
Le style scientifique n’est pas le style littéraire. Tout en respectant les règles écrites du français, vous devrez être précis, clair et bref afin d’être mieux lu et mieux compris.
Précisions : votre rédaction doit transmettre votre rigueur scientifique
Décrivez précisément vos observations : donnez des chiffres, pas d’approximation
Utilisez les références adaptées. Trop de chercheurs citent sans lire les sources.
Logique :
Tous les résultats important sont évoqués.
La méthode et les résultats sont concordants.
Clarté :
L’idée principale de la phrase doit se retrouver dans les premiers mots. 1 phrase = 1 idée.
L’idée principale du paragraphe doit se retrouver dans la 1ère phrase.
Les termes importants ont été définis et sont répétés tout au long du manuscrit.
Il faut toujours utiliser les mêmes mots (évitez les synonymes).
Evitez les phrases « négatives » . Ex : au lieu d’écrire « On évitera d’inclure les sujets peu fiables », on peut écrire « On privilégiera l’inclusion de sujets fiables ».
Evitez les doubles négations . Ex : au lieu de « On n’a pas inclus les sujets n’ayant pas rencontré le critère de jugement », préférez « On inclus uniquement les sujets ayant rencontré le critère de jugement ».
Evitez les ellipses (wiki) : procédé grammatical qui consiste à omettre un ou plusieurs éléments en principe nécessaires à la compréhension du texte, pour produire un effet de raccourci. Ex : « les sujets du groupe A ont pris le médicament de référence, ceux du groupe B le nouveau.
Evitez « et/ou ».
Les abréviations sont toutes définies (lors de la 1ère utilisation).
Evitez le jargon : certaines expressions sont rentrées dans le langage courant mais sont imparfaites. Ex : on évite de dire « un diabétique » mais plutôt « un patient ayant du diabète ». On évitera aussi de dire « la patiente s’est éteinte malgré la réanimation » mais plutôt « la patiente est décédée ». Dans le cas d’un « malade grave », c’est la maladie qui est grave et non pas le malade.
Brièveté :
Faites des phrases courtes (<15 mots).
Eviter les mots inutiles n’apportant pas d’information : donc, en effet, bien sûr…
Eviter les mots long (privilégiez « en 2016 » à « Actuellement » ou « De nos jours » ).
Evitez de répéter les mêmes informations.
Eviter les tournures confuses.
N’utilisez que les abréviations communes (les définir la 1ère fois qu’elles apparaissent dans le texte).
Utilisez le temps adapté :
Le passé pour les faits passés (logique…) : imparfait, passé simple et passé composé dans les parties introduction, matériel et méthode, résultats.
Le présent pour les faits présents ou la généralisabilité . On le retrouve surtout dans la discussion.
Parler à la 3ème personne , éviter : je, nous, on. Sauf lorsque vous émettez votre opinion.
2. Les recommandations internationales
a. Grilles internationales : Equator Network
Le site internet d’Equator Network met à disposition des lignes directrices pour chaque type d’étude. Elles permettent d’aider à la rédaction et non pas à expliquer la méthodologie ou évaluer la qualité de l’article. Néanmoins, ces grilles internationales pourront être un support intéressant lorsque vous lisez un article. Ces grilles sont en anglais mais une version française non officielle a été publiée .
Chaque grille évalue la qualité d’un article :
Des recommandations sont aussi disponibles pour l’écriture de l’article :
Du protocole standard pour essai clinique, études expérimentales et protocoles diverses : SPIRIT (français )
De l’analyse statistique : SAMPL (français )
b. Recommandation de rédaction des éditeurs
c. Instructions aux auteurs
Dans le cadre d’une publication, chaque revue a ses propres recommandations aux auteurs. Il est indispensable de les suivre attentivement lors de la rédaction de votre manuscrit. Ces règles sont aussi valables lorsque vous rédigerez votre thèse, renseignez-vous auprès de votre bureau des thèses.
Globalement, je vous conseille de télécharger les instructions des revues dans lesquelles vous souhaitez publier et d’identifier les différences entre les recommandations. Si votre manuscrit est rejeté, vous pourrez proposer votre travail à une nouvelle revue en modifiant les parties nécessaires.
d. Le site Penelope
Penelope est un site internet qui examine votre manuscrit avant de le soumettre à une revue. Un logiciel analyse votre manuscrit et vous propose des modifications. Le site travaille avec le réseau EQUATOR lui apportant une certaine fiabilité. Vous pouvez y accéder sur ce site : peneloperesearch.com
Il est gratuit la 1er mois. A tester…
3. Traduire en anglais
La majorité de la recherche médicale est écrite en anglais. Il est indispensable pour un chercheur de maîtriser l’anglais que ce soit pour lire, écrire, communiquer ou publier.
a. Glossaire de la BDSP
La BDSP (Banque de Donnée de Santé Publique) a élaboré un glossaire multilingue (anglais, français, espagnol et allemand) à l’initiative de l’Union Européenne. Il comprend des définitions et des traductions des termes utilisés en santé publique.
Utilisez-le pour traduire les termes techniques que vous ne maîtrisez pas.
b. Traduction
Voici quelques conseils pour vos traductions :
Pour trouver vos termes MeSH ou autres en anglais, vous pouvez vous aider du site HeTOP
Utilisez des outils de traduction accessible gratuitement en ligne ( reverso , Google translate , linguee …).
Inspirez vous de la grammaire utilisée dans les articles anglophones précédemment sélectionnés pour votre recherche.
« Appel à un ami » : on a souvent dans notre entourage professionnel des confrères ayant une expertise ou ayant déjà traduit des articles.
Passez la main à des traducteurs privés comme American Journal Expert . De nombreux services sont proposés : peer review, redaction, editing, mise en page, format, figure… Il faudra prévoir un budget de plusieurs centaines d’euros.
4. La relecture
Avant de proposer un manuscrit à la publication, il faut le faire relire par plusieurs personnes. On peut solliciter :
Un collègue travaillant dans le même domaine qui pourra donner un jugement sur le fond et la pertinence de la rédaction.
Un collègue ne travaillant pas dans le même domaine. N’étant pas familier avec le sujet, il pourra porter un regard externe sur la bonne compréhension et le caractère pédagogique du manuscrit.
Un lecteur candide ne connaissant rien au domaine qui pourra se pencher sur l’orthographe, la syntaxe et la grammaire.
Après avoir vérifié la bonne utilisation du style scientifique et évité les erreurs fréquentes, il faudra s’assurer que la mise en page est correcte et correspond aux recommandations aux auteurs de la revue :
Le nombre et le style des titres
Ordre de présentation des paragraphes
Orthographe, grammaire et dactylographie
Toutes les références, tableaux, figures et annexes ont été appelées au moins 1 fois et dans le bon ordre
Toutes les références appelées dans le texte sont citées
Tous les tableaux et figures sont compréhensibles avec uniquement leur légende
B. La structure et les pièges
1. Titre
Exercice Prescrire : « Analyse critique du titre »
Le titre de votre article ou de votre thèse sera lu par de nombreux lecteurs mais peu liront le résumé ou tout l’article.
Il doit être concis, précis, attractif (souvent < 15 mots). Chaque mot doit être informatif et mettre en valeur votre travail. Si besoin, utilisez un sous-titre.
On doit éviter le jargon, les abréviations, un nom commercial (préféré la DCI) ou une formule chimique.
Il peut donner le résultat principal de l’étude mais ne doit pas être trompeur. Ex : « Effet de l’ibuprofène dans les lombalgies » peut inciter un lecteur à comprendre que l’ibuprofène a de l’effet alors qu’il n’en a pas. On préférera commencer le titre par « Inefficacité… »
Il doit contenir les éléments de l’objectif principal : PICOS
Population
Intervention (Facteur étudié)
Comparaison (le cas échéant)
Outcome (ce qui est observé, résultat)
Schéma d’étude
Il en existe 2 types :
Indicatif : orientation général du contenu de l’article. Ex : Les troubles (Outcome) liés à l’usage de drogues illicites (Facteurs étudiés) chez les conducteurs (Population) par comparaison avec les étudiants (Comparaison).
Informatif : fournit des éléments précis sur le contenu significatif de l’article. Ex : Facteurs de risque environnementaux (Facteurs étudiés) des Lymphomes Malins Non Hodgkiniens (Outcome) : une étude cas-témoins (Schéma d’étude) de population en Languedoc-Roussillon, France (Population/Lieu).
2. Résumé
C’est l’élément essentiel de l’article. Il synthétise les principaux éléments de l’étude en < 300 mots.
Souvent, c’est la seule chose que liront les chercheurs car il est accessible gratuitement et ils n’ont pas le temps de lire l’intégralité des articles qui les intéressent.
Il ne contient ni figure, ni tableau.
Anglais : abstract
Le résumé est généralement structuré selon le plan IMRAD mais chaque revue a son propre format. Dans la plupart des cas, on retrouve les items suivants :
Introduction :
Contexte
Particularité de l’étude
Objectifs
Matériel et méthode :
Sélection de la population
Description de l’intervention
Type d’étude
Schéma expérimental
Critère de jugement principal (et secondaires)
Résultat :
Descriptif de la population étudiée
Nombre de patients inclus, analysés
Effectifs et principales étapes de l’étude
CJP (et CJS)
Discussion et conclusion autour des critères de jugement
« Abstract Mad Libs » by Jorge Cham / phdcomics.com
3. Auteurs
Pourquoi la paternité d’un article est-elle importante ?
La publication d’un article apporte une reconnaissance sociale, académique et financière.
Chaque auteur ayant participé à l’étude est nommé par son nom et son initiale. Sont souvent cités aussi leur plus haut grade universitaire. En anglais :
MD (Medical Doctor) : docteur en médecine
PhD (Philosophiae Doctor) : littéralement « docteur en philosophie », il correspond aux chercheurs ayant fait une thèse de science (par opposition à la thèse d’exercice)
Le nombre d’auteurs et l’ordre est décidé lors de la soumission de l’article à une revue. Ce référencement peut paraître anodin mais c’est un point essentiel auquel il faut réfléchir au tout début de la réalisation d’une étude.
En effet, chaque auteur assume la responsabilité de ce qui est publié. Si la qualité de l’article est médiocre ou si la fiabilité des résultats est remise en cause, la réputation de l’auteur en sera affectée.
L’ordre des auteurs correspond à leur investissement respectif dans l’étude : le 1er auteur est celui qui a réalisé la majeure partie du travail, puis le 2ème … Le dernier auteur est souvent le responsable de l’unité de recherche, par sa notoriété et son expérience, il apporte sa caution à la qualité de l’article.
Le nombre d’auteurs a aussi sont importance. En effet, pour des raisons politiques ou pour faire plaisir à un copain, on peut être amené à « gonfler » le nombre d’auteurs. Certaines revues imposent une limite afin de garantir une crédibilité (pas besoin d’être 12 pour décrire un case report) et pour économiser de l’argent (ça coûte cher à l’impression). Dans ce cas, vous avez la possibilité de mettre le nom du groupe de travail qui a réalisé l’étude.
Mais pourquoi est-il si important d’avoir son nom dans un article et le mieux placer possible ?
Un maître mot : les points SIGAPS !
Et oui, malheureusement (ou heureusement), en France le Système d’Interrogation, de Gestion et d’Analyse des Publication Scientifiques SIGAPS est un outil créé en France pour recenser et évaluer les références bibliographiques produite par un chercheur ou une unité de recherche, à partir de la base Medline (Pubmed).
Les points gagnés permettent :
Les unités de recherche de gagnent de l’argent pour chaque point SIGAPS : 1 point = 750 euros environ (par an pour une période de 4 ans)
Les chercheurs gagnent en notoriété leur permettant postuler à des postes universitaires . Les candidats MCU (Maître de Conférence des Universités) avaient au moins 200 points SIGPAS et les candidats PU au moins 400.
Qu’est ce qu’un auteur ?
L’ICMJE définit un auteur selon 4 caractéristiques indispensables :
Contributions substantielles à la conception ou aux méthodes de la recherche ou à l’acquisition, l’analyse ou l’interprétation des données.
Rédaction préliminaire de l’article ou sa révision critique impliquant une contribution importante au contenu intellectuel.
Approbation finale de la version à publier.
Engagement à assumer l’imputabilité pour tous les aspects de la recherche en veillant à ce que les questions liées à l’exactitude ou l’intégrité de toute partie de l’œuvre soient examinées de manière appropriée et résolues.
Les contributeurs ne remplissant pas ces 4 critères doivent être cités dans la partie « remerciement ».
» The author list » by Jorge Cham / phdcomics.com
4. Mots clef
Certaines revues proposent de mettre des mots clefs (souvent < 8) afin d’indexer de manière optimale votre article.
Utilisez le thésaurus MeSH du CISMeF pour chercher le bon mot clef.
5. Introduction
L’objectif de l’introduction est de justifier l’intérêt de l’étude et susciter l’intérêt du lecteur en montrant en quoi votre étude est si originale !
Il ne faut citer que les sources pertinentes et ne pas inclure de donnée ni de conclusion de l’étude.
Contexte : épidémiologie, synthèse des connaissances.
Problème : nature du problème et son importance, questions en suspens, limites des autres études.
Objectifs : sous la forme PICO.
6. Matériel et méthodes
L’objectif de cette partie est de décrire comment et pourquoi une étude a été menée d’une manière donnée. Elle doit être suffisamment détaillée pour que les lecteurs puissent reproduire les mêmes résultats. On doit retrouver les informations qui étaient disponibles lors de l’écriture du protocole.
Sélection et description des participants :
Processus de recrutement
Population source
Critères d’inclusion, critères d’exclusion
Type d’étude (study design) :
Schéma expérimental : description de l’intervention, méthode de recueil, moyen pour limiter les biais
Justification du type d’étude par rapport à l’objectif principal
Randomisation : méthode utilisée et sa mise en œuvre
Informations techniques :
Critères de jugement principal et secondaire
Procédures :
Intervention, placebo…
Mesures des données dont critères de jugement
Matériel : appareillage, marque, médicament, placebo…
Analyse statistique :
Nombre de sujets nécessaires si calculé
Risque alpha, beta, caractère unilatéral ou bilatéral
Analyse descriptive, univariée, multivariée et tests utilisés (logiciel utilisé et version)
Population d’analyse (si essai interventionnel) : intention de traiter, per protocole.
Distinguer les analyse pré-spécifiées et les analyses exploratoires (sous groupe)
Approbation d’un comité d’éthique si c’est le cas. Sinon notifier que la recherche a respecté la Déclaration d’Helsinki.
7. Résultats
L’objectif de cette partie est d’exposer les données obtenues durant l’étude.
On les présentera de manière neutre et objective.
On présentera les données pertinentes en s’assurant de ne pas les présenter 2 fois (tableau + texte).
Des données complémentaires peuvent être fournies sous forme d’annexes accessible dans la version électronique.
Donner les résultats numériques sous forme des valeurs absolues, sous forme dérivée (pourcentage), indice de significativité.
Eviter d’employer des termes statistiques dans leur sens commun comme « aléatoire », « normale », « significatif », « corrélation » et « échantillon »
Les principales parties sont :
Description de la population :
Nombre de patients inclus et analysés
Descriptions des caractéristiques à partir du tableau 1
Critère de jugements
Principal : analyse univariée, identification des facteurs de confusion et analyse multivariée
Secondaire
Analyse en sous groupe
Tableaux et figures
Tableau 1 : caractéristique de la population
Figure 1 : diagramme de flux (flow chart )
Autres tableaux et figures illustrant les résultats.
NB : Attention à ne pas faire d’analyse intermédiaire ou d’analyse en sous-groupe non prévue dans le protocole.
8. Discussion
Exercices :
Cette partie doit convaincre le lecteur de la validité des résultats et de leur intérêt.
Résumé des principaux résultats
Mécanisme pouvant expliquer ces résultats
Discussion de leur validité interne : points forts, points faibles et biais (sens et impact)
Discussion de leur validité externe (ainsi que des arguments en faveur d’une relation causale des facteurs de risque).
Aspects nouveaux et répercussions sur la recherche ou la pratique.
Conclusion :
Réponse à la question de recherche posée en reprenant le résultat majeur.
Nouvelles hypothèses de recherche pour de futures études.
NB : attention à ne pas conclure sur des critères de jugements secondaires, ni à donner son opinion dans la conclusion.
9. Tableaux et figures
a. Tableaux
Les tableaux sont plus précis que les figures mais plus difficilement lisibles.
Ils ont certaines caractéristiques communes :
Sa présentation dépend de la revue
Il se lit de gauche à droite et de haut en bas
Il comporte un titre (en haut) et un nombre (en chiffre romain)
Il doit être appelé dans le texte, par ordre d’apparition
Il doit être lisible et compréhensible de manière indépendante (sans lire le texte de l’article)
Il y a rarement des traits verticaux
Le corps du tableau ne comporte que des nombres (pas d’unité de mesure), ils sont alignés par la virgule et comporte le même nombre de chiffres après la virgule.
Les données manquantes sont symbolisées par NA, un trait ou un astérisque.
Les notes de bas de tableau sont situées en bas et permettent la bonne compréhension du tableau, des symboles (lettre ou symboles tels que *, †, ‡, §) et des abréviations non normalisées utilisés.
Tableau II : titre
Souche
Tête de colonne
Tête de colonne
Tête de ligne
corps
corps
Tête de ligne
corps
corps
b. Figures
Les figures apportent des informations facilement lisibles mais moins précises et pouvant être discutables (échelle).
Elles sont intéressantes pour remplacer des tableaux à plusieurs entrées.
La plupart des figures sont traitées dans le chapitre précédent.
En cours de rédaction…
10. Remerciement
Les investigateurs ayant permis la réalisation et le bon déroulement ne peuvent pas tous être cités dans les auteurs. Cette partie est l’occasion de les remercier ainsi que les structures ou groupes de recherche ayant participé. Les sources de données, de financement ou de matériel pourront aussi être cités dans cette partie.
La convention de Vancouver recommande aux revues de demander aux auteurs de préciser le rôle ainsi que l’autorisation des personnes à remercier.
A savoir, depuis la dernière mise à jour du logiciel calculant les point SIGPAS, les investigateurs comptabilisent des points SIGAPS. Il semble que ce soit valable mêmes s’ils ne sont pas dans les auteurs. A vérifier…
11. Déclaration de conflit d’intérêt et financement de l’étude
Les auteurs ont l’obligation de déclarer leurs liens d’intérêt.
Pour aider les auteurs, l’International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) a publié des recommandations identifiant les principaux conflits d’intérêts :
Conflits liés à la publication : subvention, honoraire, frais de déplacement pour les réunions liées à l’étude, frais liés à l’analyse et la relecture de l’étude, dédommagement pour l’écriture ou la relecture de l’article, provision de matériel (médicament, matériel, assistance administrative ou aide à la rédaction).
Conflits financier sans rapport direct avec l’étude : comité de rédaction, subvention, activité de consultant, employé, préparation de manuscrit, conférence, royalties, brevets, stock options, formation, frais de transport, logement et congrès sans rapport avec la réalisation de l’étude.
Autres conflits : tout activité ou relation pouvant influencer ou donner l’impression d’influencer l’étude.
Les différents participants concernés sont :
Liés aux engagements des auteurs individuels . Ils sont tenus de déclarer toute relation financière ou personnelles qui pourrait influencer leur travail.
Liés au soutien du projet . Les études sont souvent financées par des formes commerciales, des fondations ou des gouvernements. Ces financements peuvent influencer la recherche (un laboratoire qui fait une étude sur l’efficacité d’un nouveau médicament, n’aura probablement pas envie que son étude montre que le médicament est inutile.)
Liés aux engagements des rédacteurs en chef, de la rédaction ou des relecteurs.
Les rédacteurs en chef doivent éviter de choisir des relecteurs externes pouvant présenter des conflits d’intérêt. Ex : relecteurs travaillant dans le même département ou le même établissement que les auteurs.
Les relecteurs doivent indiquer aux rédacteurs en chef tout conflit d’intérêt pouvant influencer son avis sur le manuscrit.
La rédaction de la revue. Les autres membres de la rédaction, s’ils participent aux décisions éditoriales, doivent aussi déclarer tout liens d’intérêt pouvant influencer leur décision.
12. Bibliographie
Exercices :
Les références permettent aux lecteurs de se référer aux travaux originaux que vous citez.
Les revues ont souvent leur propre système de référencement. Veuillez à bien respecter le formatage imposé par la revue. Ces instructions sont accessibles dans la partie « recommandations aux auteurs » sur le site de la revue.
Bon à savoir, si vous utilisez Zotero, le formatage imposé par la revue peut être téléchargé automatiquement dans la partie /style .
Règles générales :
Elles sont appelées dans le corps de l’article (pas dans le résumé, ni le titre, ni la partie résultat).
Elles sont listées en fin d’article.
Utiliser des chiffres arabes pour les appeler (non pas romain).
Eviter de s’autociter sauf en cas de publication majeur.
S’assurer que les références sont toujours disponibles ou que le lien n’est pas périmé
Il faut absolument les avoir lues.
Choisir des références pertinentes témoignant de votre analyse critique de la littérature.
On évitera de citer les thèses, poster, communications orales qui n’auront pas donné suite à une publication traduisant souvent une mauvaise qualité méthodologique.
Cas particuliers :
« sous presse » : article accepté mais non encore publié.
« observations non publiées » : manuscrits soumis mais non acceptés.
Que contient-il en général ?
Auteurs : nom, initiales du prénom. A partir d’un certain nombre d’auteurs, utiliser « et al. » pour les autres.
Titre de la publication
Support :
Revue : titre avec son abréviation officielle trouvable sur la NLM
Livre : nom de l’éditeur et lieu de publication
Année de publication
Volume et numéro de publication
Première et dernière pages
Principaux systèmes de référencement :
Vancouver : numérique-séquentiel
Dans le texte : [numéro]
Liste à la fin de l’article : numéro par ordre d’apparition dans le texte
C’est le système le plus utilisé dans le domaine médical utilisé dans MEDLINE et Pubmed. La NLM met à disposition le détail sur son site internet ou via son guide « Citing Medicine ».
NB : si plusieurs références sont citées, on les sépare par un trait si elles se suivent, ou par une virgule si ce n’est pas le cas
Ex : (2 – 5), sont citées les références 2, 3, 4 et 5
Ex : (2, 4, 5), sont citées les références 2, 4 et 5 (mais pas la 3)
Harvard : Auteur-année
Dans le texte : [nom auteur, année]
Liste à la fin de l’article : par ordre alphabétique selon le nom de famille du premier auteur
Alphanumérique
Dans le texte : [numéro]
Liste à la fin de l’article : numéro par ordre alphabétique selon le nom de famille du premier auteur
En pratique, toutes ces recommandations sont très théoriques.
Il existe des logiciels de gestion bibliographique (Zotero, Mendeley…) qui référencent de manière automatique les sources bibliographiques. Il suffit d’indiquer le système de référencement désiré.
{1093634:SRXV54UW};{1093634:ICP873DA};{1093634:BSDIEFSW};{1093634:ZBWBVW79}
vancouver
default
asc
0
159
%7B%22status%22%3A%22success%22%2C%22updateneeded%22%3Afalse%2C%22instance%22%3Afalse%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22request_last%22%3A850%2C%22request_next%22%3A50%2C%22used_cache%22%3Atrue%7D%2C%22data%22%3A%5B%7B%22key%22%3A%224ISQ58ER%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Matayong%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222023-11-02%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EMatayong%20S%2C%20Jetwanna%20KW%2C%20Choksuchat%20C%2C%20Choosawang%20S%2C%20Trakulmaykee%20N%2C%20Limsuwan%20S%2C%20et%20al.%20IoT-based%20systems%20and%20applications%20for%20elderly%20healthcare%3A%20a%20systematic%20review.%20Univ%20Access%20Inf%20Soc%20%5BInternet%5D.%202023%20Nov%202%20%5Bcited%202024%20Oct%208%5D%3B%20Available%20from%3A%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1007%5C%2Fs10209-023-01055-1%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1007%5C%2Fs10209-023-01055-1%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22IoT-based%20systems%20and%20applications%20for%20elderly%20healthcare%3A%20a%20systematic%20review%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Matayong%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22K.%20W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jetwanna%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Choksuchat%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Choosawang%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22N.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Trakulmaykee%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Limsuwan%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22K.%20S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Inthanuchit%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22This%20paper%20systematically%20reviews%20previous%20studies%20about%20Internet%20of%20Things%20%28IoT%29-based%20systems%20and%20applications%20for%20elderly%20healthcare.%20The%20review%20aims%20to%20achieve%20several%20objectives.%20Firstly%2C%20it%20seeks%20to%20classify%20the%20healthcare%20categories%20and%20research%20areas%20addressed%20in%20the%20reviewed%20studies.%20Secondly%2C%20it%20aims%20to%20explore%20the%20current%20trends%20in%20terms%20of%20main%20ideas%2C%20contributions%2C%20and%20limitations%2C%20providing%20insights%20for%20future%20research%20directions.%20Lastly%2C%20it%20presents%20distributions%20of%20the%20research%20works%20based%20on%20healthcare%20categories%2C%20area%20studies%2C%20publication%20years%2C%20and%20publishers.%20The%20review%20process%20follows%20the%20guidelines%20of%20Systematic%20Reviews%20and%20Meta-Analyses%20%28PRISMA%29%20to%20ensure%20a%20rigorous%20examination%20of%20the%20selected%20papers.%20A%20total%20of%2054%20academic%20papers%2C%20published%20in%20peer-reviewed%20venues%20between%202018%20and%202022%2C%20were%20included%20in%20the%20review%2C%20making%20it%20the%20first%20of%20its%20kind.%20The%20results%20indicate%20that%20IoT-based%20technologies%20play%20a%20significant%20role%20in%20creating%20systems%20and%20applications%20to%20support%20the%20elderly%20across%20various%20healthcare%20categories%2C%20including%20health%20promotion%2C%20health%20prevention%2C%20health%20treatment%2C%20and%20health%20rehabilitation.%20There%20are%20several%20area%20studies%20identified%20as%20%281%29%20security%2C%20%282%29%20platforms%2C%20infrastructure%2C%20and%20architecture%2C%20%283%29%20designs%20and%20developments%2C%20%284%29%20analytics%2C%20models%2C%20and%20algorithms%2C%20%285%29%20frameworks%2C%20%286%29%20hardware%20and%20devices%2C%20%287%29%20computer%20systems.%20Among%20the%20healthcare%20categories%2C%20health%20monitoring%20in%20the%20health%20rehabilitation%20category%20and%20fall%20detection%20for%20health%20prevention%20category%20emerged%20as%20the%20most%20commonly%20addressed%20topics.%20In%20terms%20of%20publication%20trends%2C%20the%20majority%20of%20relevant%20papers%20were%20published%20in%202021.%20The%20research%20area%20with%20the%20highest%20number%20of%20papers%20was%20designs%20and%20developments%2C%20with%20ScienceDirect%20being%20the%20most%20prominent%20publisher%20for%20this%20research.%20Overall%2C%20this%20systematic%20review%20provides%20valuable%20insights%20into%20the%20field%20of%20IoT-based%20systems%20and%20applications%20for%20elderly%20healthcare.%20These%20findings%20can%20guide%20future%20studies%20and%20contribute%20to%20the%20advancement%20of%20IoT-based%20solutions%20for%20elderly%20healthcare.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222023-11-02%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1007%5C%2Fs10209-023-01055-1%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221615-5297%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1007%5C%2Fs10209-023-01055-1%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22SZXDHVDY%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222024-10-08T13%3A54%3A07Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22587DWPSE%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Ferrara%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222024-01%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EFerrara%20M%2C%20Bertozzi%20G%2C%20Di%20Fazio%20N%2C%20Aquila%20I%2C%20Di%20Fazio%20A%2C%20Maiese%20A%2C%20et%20al.%20Risk%20Management%20and%20Patient%20Safety%20in%20the%20Artificial%20Intelligence%20Era%3A%20A%20Systematic%20Review.%20Healthcare%20%5BInternet%5D.%202024%20Jan%20%5Bcited%202024%20Oct%208%5D%3B12%285%29%3A549.%20Available%20from%3A%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.mdpi.com%5C%2F2227-9032%5C%2F12%5C%2F5%5C%2F549%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.mdpi.com%5C%2F2227-9032%5C%2F12%5C%2F5%5C%2F549%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Risk%20Management%20and%20Patient%20Safety%20in%20the%20Artificial%20Intelligence%20Era%3A%20A%20Systematic%20Review%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Michela%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ferrara%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Giuseppe%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bertozzi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Nicola%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Di%20Fazio%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Isabella%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Aquila%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Aldo%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Di%20Fazio%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Aniello%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Maiese%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Gianpietro%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Volonnino%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Paola%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Frati%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Raffaele%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22La%20Russa%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Background%3A%20Healthcare%20systems%20represent%20complex%20organizations%20within%20which%20multiple%20factors%20%28physical%20environment%2C%20human%20factor%2C%20technological%20devices%2C%20quality%20of%20care%29%20interconnect%20to%20form%20a%20dense%20network%20whose%20imbalance%20is%20potentially%20able%20to%20compromise%20patient%20safety.%20In%20this%20scenario%2C%20the%20need%20for%20hospitals%20to%20expand%20reactive%20and%20proactive%20clinical%20risk%20management%20programs%20is%20easily%20understood%2C%20and%20artificial%20intelligence%20fits%20well%20in%20this%20context.%20This%20systematic%20review%20aims%20to%20investigate%20the%20state%20of%20the%20art%20regarding%20the%20impact%20of%20AI%20on%20clinical%20risk%20management%20processes.%20To%20simplify%20the%20analysis%20of%20the%20review%20outcomes%20and%20to%20motivate%20future%20standardized%20comparisons%20with%20any%20subsequent%20studies%2C%20the%20findings%20of%20the%20present%20review%20will%20be%20grouped%20according%20to%20the%20possibility%20of%20applying%20AI%20in%20the%20prevention%20of%20the%20different%20incident%20type%20groups%20as%20defined%20by%20the%20ICPS.%20Materials%20and%20Methods%3A%20On%203%20November%202023%2C%20a%20systematic%20review%20of%20the%20literature%20according%20to%20the%20Preferred%20Reporting%20Items%20for%20Systematic%20Reviews%20and%20Meta-Analyses%20%28PRISMA%29%20guidelines%20was%20carried%20out%20using%20the%20SCOPUS%20and%20Medline%20%28via%20PubMed%29%20databases.%20A%20total%20of%20297%20articles%20were%20identified.%20After%20the%20selection%20process%2C%2036%20articles%20were%20included%20in%20the%20present%20systematic%20review.%20Results%20and%20Discussion%3A%20The%20studies%20included%20in%20this%20review%20allowed%20for%20the%20identification%20of%20three%20main%20%5Cu201cincident%20type%5Cu201d%20domains%3A%20clinical%20process%2C%20healthcare-associated%20infection%2C%20and%20medication.%20Another%20relevant%20application%20of%20AI%20in%20clinical%20risk%20management%20concerns%20the%20topic%20of%20incident%20reporting.%20Conclusions%3A%20This%20review%20highlighted%20that%20AI%20can%20be%20applied%20transversely%20in%20various%20clinical%20contexts%20to%20enhance%20patient%20safety%20and%20facilitate%20the%20identification%20of%20errors.%20It%20appears%20to%20be%20a%20promising%20tool%20to%20improve%20clinical%20risk%20management%2C%20although%20its%20use%20requires%20human%20supervision%20and%20cannot%20completely%20replace%20human%20skills.%20To%20facilitate%20the%20analysis%20of%20the%20present%20review%20outcome%20and%20to%20enable%20comparison%20with%20future%20systematic%20reviews%2C%20it%20was%20deemed%20useful%20to%20refer%20to%20a%20pre-existing%20taxonomy%20for%20the%20identification%20of%20adverse%20events.%20However%2C%20the%20results%20of%20the%20present%20study%20highlighted%20the%20usefulness%20of%20AI%20not%20only%20for%20risk%20prevention%20in%20clinical%20practice%2C%20but%20also%20in%20improving%20the%20use%20of%20an%20essential%20risk%20identification%20tool%2C%20which%20is%20incident%20reporting.%20For%20this%20reason%2C%20the%20taxonomy%20of%20the%20areas%20of%20application%20of%20AI%20to%20clinical%20risk%20processes%20should%20include%20an%20additional%20class%20relating%20to%20risk%20identification%20and%20analysis%20tools.%20For%20this%20purpose%2C%20it%20was%20considered%20convenient%20to%20use%20ICPS%20classification.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222024%5C%2F1%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.3390%5C%2Fhealthcare12050549%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222227-9032%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.mdpi.com%5C%2F2227-9032%5C%2F12%5C%2F5%5C%2F549%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22SZXDHVDY%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222024-10-08T13%3A50%3A07Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22X7SXMNLJ%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Kumar%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222023-07-01%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EKumar%20Y%2C%20Koul%20A%2C%20Singla%20R%2C%20Ijaz%20MF.%20Artificial%20intelligence%20in%20disease%20diagnosis%3A%20a%20systematic%20literature%20review%2C%20synthesizing%20framework%20and%20future%20research%20agenda.%20J%20Ambient%20Intell%20Human%20Comput%20%5BInternet%5D.%202023%20Jul%201%20%5Bcited%202024%20Oct%208%5D%3B14%287%29%3A8459%26%23x2013%3B86.%20Available%20from%3A%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1007%5C%2Fs12652-021-03612-z%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1007%5C%2Fs12652-021-03612-z%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Artificial%20intelligence%20in%20disease%20diagnosis%3A%20a%20systematic%20literature%20review%2C%20synthesizing%20framework%20and%20future%20research%20agenda%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Yogesh%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kumar%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Apeksha%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Koul%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ruchi%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Singla%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Muhammad%20Fazal%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ijaz%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Artificial%20intelligence%20can%20assist%20providers%20in%20a%20variety%20of%20patient%20care%20and%20intelligent%20health%20systems.%20Artificial%20intelligence%20techniques%20ranging%20from%20machine%20learning%20to%20deep%20learning%20are%20prevalent%20in%20healthcare%20for%20disease%20diagnosis%2C%20drug%20discovery%2C%20and%20patient%20risk%20identification.%20Numerous%20medical%20data%20sources%20are%20required%20to%20perfectly%20diagnose%20diseases%20using%20artificial%20intelligence%20techniques%2C%20such%20as%20ultrasound%2C%20magnetic%20resonance%20imaging%2C%20mammography%2C%20genomics%2C%20computed%20tomography%20scan%2C%20etc.%20Furthermore%2C%20artificial%20intelligence%20primarily%20enhanced%20the%20infirmary%20experience%20and%20sped%20up%20preparing%20patients%20to%20continue%20their%20rehabilitation%20at%20home.%20This%20article%20covers%20the%20comprehensive%20survey%20based%20on%20artificial%20intelligence%20techniques%20to%20diagnose%20numerous%20diseases%20such%20as%20Alzheimer%2C%20cancer%2C%20diabetes%2C%20chronic%20heart%20disease%2C%20tuberculosis%2C%20stroke%20and%20cerebrovascular%2C%20hypertension%2C%20skin%2C%20and%20liver%20disease.%20We%20conducted%20an%20extensive%20survey%20including%20the%20used%20medical%20imaging%20dataset%20and%20their%20feature%20extraction%20and%20classification%20process%20for%20predictions.%20Preferred%20reporting%20items%20for%20systematic%20reviews%20and%20Meta-Analysis%20guidelines%20are%20used%20to%20select%20the%20articles%20published%20up%20to%20October%202020%20on%20the%20Web%20of%20Science%2C%20Scopus%2C%20Google%20Scholar%2C%20PubMed%2C%20Excerpta%20Medical%20Database%2C%20and%20Psychology%20Information%20for%20early%20prediction%20of%20distinct%20kinds%20of%20diseases%20using%20artificial%20intelligence-based%20techniques.%20Based%20on%20the%20study%20of%20different%20articles%20on%20disease%20diagnosis%2C%20the%20results%20are%20also%20compared%20using%20various%20quality%20parameters%20such%20as%20prediction%20rate%2C%20accuracy%2C%20sensitivity%2C%20specificity%2C%20the%20area%20under%20curve%20precision%2C%20recall%2C%20and%20F1-score.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222023-07-01%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1007%5C%2Fs12652-021-03612-z%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221868-5145%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1007%5C%2Fs12652-021-03612-z%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22SZXDHVDY%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222024-10-08T13%3A44%3A22Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22F749SKJW%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22r%5Cu00e9daction%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222023-10-24%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3Er%26%23xE9%3Bdaction%20L.%20Le%20num%26%23xE9%3Brique%20en%20sant%26%23xE9%3B%20au%20service%20du%20%26%23x201C%3BBien%20Vieillir%26%23x201D%3B%26%23x202F%3B%3A%20enjeux%20et%20perspectives%20%5BInternet%5D.%20Rep%26%23xE8%3Bres%20en%20G%26%23xE9%3Briatrie.%202023%20%5Bcited%202024%20Oct%208%5D.%20Available%20from%3A%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fgeriatries.fr%5C%2Fle-numerique-en-sante-au-service-du-bien-vieillir-enjeux-et-perspectives%5C%2F%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fgeriatries.fr%5C%2Fle-numerique-en-sante-au-service-du-bien-vieillir-enjeux-et-perspectives%5C%2F%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22blogPost%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Le%20num%5Cu00e9rique%20en%20sant%5Cu00e9%20au%20service%20du%20%5Cu201cBien%20Vieillir%5Cu201d%20%3A%20enjeux%20et%20perspectives%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22La%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22r%5Cu00e9daction%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Interview%20du%20Pr%20Bertrand%20Foug%5Cu00e8re%2C%20professeur%20de%20g%5Cu00e9riatrie%20%5Cu00e0%20la%20facult%5Cu00e9%20de%20m%5Cu00e9decine%20de%20Tours%20et%20responsable%20du%20p%5Cu00f4le%20vieillissement%20du%20CHRU%20de%20Tours%20Rattach%5Cu00e9e%20aux%20minist%5Cu00e8res%20charg%5Cu00e9s%20de%20la%20%5B%5Cu2026%5D%22%2C%22blogTitle%22%3A%22Rep%5Cu00e8res%20en%20G%5Cu00e9riatrie%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222023-10-24T16%3A08%3A07%2B00%3A00%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fgeriatries.fr%5C%2Fle-numerique-en-sante-au-service-du-bien-vieillir-enjeux-et-perspectives%5C%2F%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22fr-FR%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22SZXDHVDY%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222024-10-08T13%3A15%3A03Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%223K7B8C73%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3ECKD%20Early%20Identification%20%26amp%3B%20Intervention%20Toolkit%20%5BInternet%5D.%20International%20Society%20of%20Nephrology.%20%5Bcited%202023%20Nov%2024%5D.%20Available%20from%3A%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.theisn.org%5C%2Finitiatives%5C%2Ftoolkits%5C%2Fckd-early-screening-intervention%5C%2F%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.theisn.org%5C%2Finitiatives%5C%2Ftoolkits%5C%2Fckd-early-screening-intervention%5C%2F%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22blogPost%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22CKD%20Early%20Identification%20%26%20Intervention%20Toolkit%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22blogTitle%22%3A%22International%20Society%20of%20Nephrology%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.theisn.org%5C%2Finitiatives%5C%2Ftoolkits%5C%2Fckd-early-screening-intervention%5C%2F%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en-US%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222023-11-24T11%3A47%3A57Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%228XWPT5KI%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Glenn%20and%20Goldman%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%221976-01%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EGlenn%20JK%2C%20Goldman%20J.%20Task%20delegation%20to%20physician%20extenders--some%20comparisons.%20Am%20J%20Public%20Health.%201976%20Jan%3B66%281%29%3A64%26%23x2013%3B6.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Task%20delegation%20to%20physician%20extenders--some%20comparisons%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20K.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Glenn%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goldman%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22This%20study%20uses%20a%20task%20delegation%20questionnaire%20to%20compare%201973%20physician%20extender%20practices%20in%20seven%20primary%20care-oriented%20sites%20with%20a%20physician%20attitude%20survey%20made%20in%201969.%20One%20additional%20site%20using%20no%20physician%20extenders%20was%20included%20as%20a%20control.%20The%20study%20involves%20both%20major%20types%20of%20physician%20extenders%20%28physician%20assistants%20and%20nurse%20practitioners%29%20in%20ambulatory%20practices%20with%20at%20least%20one%20year%20of%20experience%20in%20using%20such%20personnel.%20With%20minor%20exceptions%2C%20actual%20task%20delegation%20patterns%20conform%20with%20the%201969%20attitudes%20of%20physicians%20as%20to%20which%20tasks%20%5C%22could%20and%20should%5C%22%20be%20delegated%20to%20physician%20extenders.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%221976-01%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.2105%5C%2Fajph.66.1.64%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220090-0036%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222023-11-24T11%3A44%3A11Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22P2NRTKXM%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Heerspink%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222020-10-08%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EHeerspink%20HJL%2C%20Stef%26%23xE1%3Bnsson%20BV%2C%20Correa-Rotter%20R%2C%20Chertow%20GM%2C%20Greene%20T%2C%20Hou%20FF%2C%20et%20al.%20Dapagliflozin%20in%20Patients%20with%20Chronic%20Kidney%20Disease.%20N%20Engl%20J%20Med%20%5BInternet%5D.%202020%20Oct%208%20%5Bcited%202023%20Nov%2021%5D%3B383%2815%29%3A1436%26%23x2013%3B46.%20Available%20from%3A%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1056%5C%2FNEJMoa2024816%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1056%5C%2FNEJMoa2024816%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Dapagliflozin%20in%20Patients%20with%20Chronic%20Kidney%20Disease%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Hiddo%20J.L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Heerspink%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Bergur%20V.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Stef%5Cu00e1nsson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ricardo%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Correa-Rotter%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Glenn%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Chertow%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Tom%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Greene%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Fan-Fan%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hou%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Johannes%20F.E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mann%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22John%20J.V.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22McMurray%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Magnus%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lindberg%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Peter%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rossing%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%20David%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sj%5Cu00f6str%5Cu00f6m%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Roberto%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Toto%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Anna-Maria%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Langkilde%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22David%20C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Wheeler%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222020-10-08%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1056%5C%2FNEJMoa2024816%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220028-4793%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1056%5C%2FNEJMoa2024816%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222023-11-21T16%3A29%3A51Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22SMTEBTRT%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Heerspink%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222020-10-08%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EHeerspink%20HJL%2C%20Stef%26%23xE1%3Bnsson%20BV%2C%20Correa-Rotter%20R%2C%20Chertow%20GM%2C%20Greene%20T%2C%20Hou%20FF%2C%20et%20al.%20Dapagliflozin%20in%20Patients%20with%20Chronic%20Kidney%20Disease.%20N%20Engl%20J%20Med%20%5BInternet%5D.%202020%20Oct%208%20%5Bcited%202023%20Nov%2021%5D%3B383%2815%29%3A1436%26%23x2013%3B46.%20Available%20from%3A%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1056%5C%2FNEJMoa2024816%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1056%5C%2FNEJMoa2024816%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Dapagliflozin%20in%20Patients%20with%20Chronic%20Kidney%20Disease%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Hiddo%20J.L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Heerspink%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Bergur%20V.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Stef%5Cu00e1nsson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ricardo%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Correa-Rotter%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Glenn%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Chertow%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Tom%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Greene%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Fan-Fan%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hou%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Johannes%20F.E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mann%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22John%20J.V.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22McMurray%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Magnus%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lindberg%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Peter%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rossing%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%20David%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sj%5Cu00f6str%5Cu00f6m%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Roberto%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Toto%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Anna-Maria%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Langkilde%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22David%20C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Wheeler%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222020-10-08%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1056%5C%2FNEJMoa2024816%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220028-4793%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1056%5C%2FNEJMoa2024816%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222023-11-21T16%3A29%3A51Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22WABEBTGW%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Namli%20Altintas%20and%20Kozaner%20Yenig%5Cu00fcl%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222020-03-01%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3ENamli%20Altintas%20%26%23x130%3B%2C%20Kozaner%20Yenig%26%23xFC%3Bl%20%26%23xC7%3B.%20Active%20learning%20education%20in%20Museum.%20IJERE%20%5BInternet%5D.%202020%20Mar%201%20%5Bcited%202021%20Jan%205%5D%3B9%281%29%3A120.%20Available%20from%3A%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fijere.iaescore.com%5C%2Findex.php%5C%2FIJERE%5C%2Farticle%5C%2Fview%5C%2F20380%27%3Ehttp%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fijere.iaescore.com%5C%2Findex.php%5C%2FIJERE%5C%2Farticle%5C%2Fview%5C%2F20380%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Active%20learning%20education%20in%20Museum%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22%5Cu0130rem%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Namli%20Altintas%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22%5Cu00c7i%5Cu011fdem%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kozaner%20Yenig%5Cu00fcl%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22In%20this%20study%2C%20it%20was%20aimed%20to%20determine%20social%20studies%20candidates%20how%20to%20practice%20about%20make%20of%20use%20museums%20as%20a%20learning%20environment.%20It%20was%20tried%20to%20discuss%20a%20case%2C%20for%20this%20purpose%20%5Cu0131t%20was%20used%20case%20study.%20The%20study%20group%20consisted%20of%2019%20students%20%2812%20females%2C%207%20males%29%20studying%20social%20studies%20at%20a%20public%20university.%20Participants%20were%20given%20museum%20training%20lasting%207%20weeks%20and%20the%20process%20started%20with%20the%20visit%20of%20the%20Antalya%20Archeology%20Museum.%20In%20this%20study%2C%20Museum%20Evaluation%20Forms%20were%20used%20as%20data%20collection%20tools.%20These%20forms%20were%20used%20at%20two-stage.%20The%20first%20stage%20was%20the%20Pre-Museum%20Evaluation%20Form%20and%20the%20second%20stage%20was%20the%20Activity%20Evaluation%20Forms.%20Content%20analysis%20technique%20was%20used%20in%20data%20analysis%2C%20and%20the%20forms%20were%20examined%20separately%20and%20themes%20and%20categories%20were%20created.%20In%20the%20categories%2C%20the%20statements%20of%20some%20of%20the%20participants%20were%20given%20with%20direct%20quotations.%20As%20a%20result%20of%20the%20research%2C%20the%20expectations%20of%20the%20students%20before%20the%20museum%20training%20are%20divided%20into%20the%20categories%20of%20Learning%20about%20the%20use%20of%20the%20Museum%2C%20Historical%20awareness%20and%20Embodiment%20in%20the%20theme%20of%20Cognitive%20Field.%20In%20the%20affective%20main%20theme%2C%20it%20was%20determined%20that%20it%20was%20divided%20into%20the%20categories%20of%20Group%20Work%2C%20Contribution%20to%20Professional%20Knowledge%20and%20Being%20an%20Effective%20Citizen.%20In%20the%20Cognitive%20Field%20theme%2C%20the%20students%27%20experiences%20after%20museum%20training%20are%20divided%20into%20the%20categories%20of%20Field%20Knowledge%2C%20Museum%20Use%20Learning%20and%20Creativity.%20In%20the%20affective%20Thinking%2C%20Contribution%20to%20Professional%20Knowledge%2C%20Permanent%20Learning%2C%20and%20Role-Playing%20are%20the%20categories%20of%20the%20affective%20categories.%20Participants%20stated%20that%20to%20make%20use%20of%20museum%20to%20effect%20on%20the%20cognitive%20area%20more%20effective%20than%20affective%20area.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222020-03-01%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.11591%5C%2Fijere.v9i1.20380%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222620-5440%2C%202252-8822%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fijere.iaescore.com%5C%2Findex.php%5C%2FIJERE%5C%2Farticle%5C%2Fview%5C%2F20380%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22L242WUL9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A45Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22A9N5IKEH%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Frapp%5Cu00e9%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222018%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EFrapp%26%23xE9%3B%20P%2C%20Druais%20PL%2C%20Petersen%20W%2C%20Association%20fran%26%23xE7%3Baise%20des%20jeunes%20chercheurs%20en%20m%26%23xE9%3Bdecine%20g%26%23xE9%3Bn%26%23xE9%3Brale%20%28Lyon%29.%20Initiation%20%26%23xE0%3B%20la%20recherche.%202018.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22book%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Initiation%20%5Cu00e0%20la%20recherche%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Paul%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Frapp%5Cu00e9%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Pierre-Louis%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Druais%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Wiebke%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Petersen%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Association%20fran%5Cu00e7aise%20des%20jeunes%20chercheurs%20en%20m%5Cu00e9decine%20g%5Cu00e9n%5Cu00e9rale%20%28Lyon%29%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222018%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22French%22%2C%22ISBN%22%3A%22978-2-919616-27-5%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22GZG4LDJ6%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A44Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%2228YWSYAQ%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Becker%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222017%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EBecker%20J.%20Active%20Allyship.%20Public%20Services%20Quarterly.%202017%200%3B13%281%29%3A27%26%23x2013%3B31.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Active%20Allyship%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jenifer%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Becker%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22The%20%5C%22Best%20of%20the%20Literature%5C%22%20column%20is%20intended%20to%20keep%20librarians%2C%20administrators%2C%20and%20staff%20up%20to%20date%20with%20the%20most%20recent%2C%20relevant%2C%20and%20useful%20literature%20of%20the%20field.%20In%20the%20last%20few%20years%2C%20students%20of%20color%20across%20the%20nation%20have%20spoken%20out%20about%20their%20experiences%20of%20racism%20and%20racial%20microaggressions%20on%20their%20campuses.%20They%20have%20called%20on%20staff%2C%20faculty%2C%20and%20administration%20to%20change%20the%20campus%20climate.%20In%20this%20call%20for%20action%2C%20some%20departments%2C%20including%20the%20academic%20library%2C%20have%20often%20been%20too%20slow%20to%20present%20themselves%20as%20an%20active%20ally%20to%20students.%20This%20%5C%22Best%20of%20the%20Literature%5C%22%20column%20looks%20to%20six%20articles%20and%20a%20library%20research%20guide%20as%20examples%20for%20providing%20safety%20and%20inclusion%20for%20student%20of%20color.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222017%5C%2F00%5C%2F00%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1080%5C%2F15228959.2016.1261638%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221522-8959%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22L242WUL9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A44Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%229RIP9467%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Bucher%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222017%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EBucher%20S%2C%20Maury%20A%2C%20Rosso%20J%2C%20de%20Chanaud%20N%2C%20Bloy%20G%2C%20Pendola-Luchel%20I%2C%20et%20al.%20Time%20and%20feasibility%20of%20prevention%20in%20primary%20care.%20Fam%20Pract.%202017%3B34%281%29%3A49%26%23x2013%3B56.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Time%20and%20feasibility%20of%20prevention%20in%20primary%20care%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Sophie%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bucher%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Arnaud%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Maury%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Julie%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rosso%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Nicolas%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22de%20Chanaud%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22G%5Cu00e9raldine%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bloy%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Isabelle%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Pendola-Luchel%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Rapha%5Cu00eblle%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Delpech%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Sylvain%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Paquet%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Hector%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Falcoff%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Virginie%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ringa%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Laurent%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rigal%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22BACKGROUND%3A%20Prevention%20is%20an%20essential%20task%20in%20primary%20care.%20According%20to%20primary%20care%20physicians%20%28PCPs%29%2Clack%20of%20time%20is%20one%20of%20the%20principal%20obstacles%20to%20its%20performance.%5CnOBJECTIVE%3A%20To%20assess%20the%20feasibility%20of%20prevention%20in%20terms%20of%20time%20by%20estimating%20the%20time%20necessary%20to%20perform%20all%20of%20the%20preventive%20care%20recommended%2C%20separately%20from%20the%20PCPs%20and%20patient%27s%20perspectives%2C%20and%20to%20compare%20them%20to%20the%20amount%20of%20time%20available.%5CnMETHODS%3A%20A%20review%20of%20the%20literature%20identified%20the%20prevention%20procedures%20recommended%20in%20France%2C%20the%20duration%20of%20each%20procedure%20and%20its%20recommended%20frequency%2C%20as%20well%20as%20PCPs%27%20consultation%20time.%20A%20hypothetical%20patient%20panel%20size%20of%201000%20patients%2C%20representative%20of%20the%20French%20population%2C%20served%20as%20the%20basis%20for%20our%20calculations%20of%20the%20annual%20time%20necessary%20for%20prevention%20for%20a%20PCP.%20The%20prevention%20time%20from%20the%20patient%27s%20perspective%20was%20estimated%20from%20data%20collected%20from%20a%20previous%20study%20of%20a%20panel%20of%203556%20patients.%5CnRESULTS%3A%20For%20PCPs%2C%20the%20annual%20time%20necessary%20for%20all%20of%20the%20required%20preventive%20care%20was%20250%20hours%2C%20or%2020%25%20of%20their%20total%20patient%20time.%20For%20a%20patient%2C%20the%20annual%20time%20required%20for%20prevention%20during%20encounters%20with%20a%20PCP%20ranged%20from%209.7%20to%2026.4%20minutes%20per%20year.%20The%20mean%20total%20encounter%20time%20was%2075.9%20minutes%20per%20year.%20Nearly%2073%25%20of%20patients%20had%20a%20prevention-to-care%20time%20ratio%20exceeding%2015%25.%5CnCONCLUSION%3A%20Feasibility%20thus%20differs%20substantially%20between%20patients.%20These%20differences%20correspond%20especially%20to%20disparities%20in%20the%20annual%20care%20time%20used%20by%20each%20patient.%20Specific%20solutions%20should%20be%20developed%20according%20to%20the%20patients%27%20utilization%20of%20care.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2202%202017%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1093%5C%2Ffampra%5C%2Fcmw108%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221460-2229%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22GYVZ2K3D%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A43Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22SY3K29ZQ%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Le%20Lous%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222017%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3ELe%20Lous%20M%2C%20De%20Chanaud%20N%2C%20Bourret%20A%2C%20Senat%20MV%2C%20Colmant%20C%2C%20Jaury%20P%2C%20et%20al.%20Improving%20the%20quality%20of%20transvaginal%20ultrasound%20scan%20by%20simulation%20training%20for%20general%20practice%20residents.%20Adv%20Simul%20%28Lond%29.%202017%3B2%3A24.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Improving%20the%20quality%20of%20transvaginal%20ultrasound%20scan%20by%20simulation%20training%20for%20general%20practice%20residents%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Le%20Lous%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22N.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22De%20Chanaud%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bourret%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20V.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Senat%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Colmant%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jaury%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Tesni%5Cu00e8re%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22V.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Tsatsaris%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Background%3A%20Ultrasonography%20%28US%29%20is%20an%20essential%20tool%20for%20the%20diagnosis%20of%20acute%20gynecological%20conditions.%20General%20practice%20%28GP%29%20residents%20are%20involved%20in%20the%20first-line%20management%20of%20gynecologic%20emergencies.%20They%20are%20not%20familiar%20with%20US%20equipment.%20Initial%20training%20on%20simulators%20was%20conducted.The%20aim%20of%20this%20study%20was%20to%20evaluate%20the%20impact%20of%20simulation-based%20training%20on%20the%20quality%20of%20the%20sonographic%20images%20achieved%20by%20GP%20residents%202%5Cu00a0months%20after%20the%20simulation%20training%20versus%20clinical%20training%20alone.%5CnMethods%3A%20Young%20GP%20residents%20assigned%20to%20emergency%20gynecology%20departments%20were%20invited%20to%20a%20one-day%20simulation-based%20US%20training%20session.%20A%20prospective%20controlled%20trial%20aiming%20to%20assess%20the%20impact%20of%20such%20training%20on%20TVS%20%28transvaginal%20ultrasound%20scan%29%20image%20quality%20was%20conducted.%20The%20first%20group%20included%20GP%20residents%20who%20attended%20the%20simulation%20training%20course.%20The%20second%20group%20included%20GP%20residents%20who%20did%20not%20attend%20the%20course.%20Written%20consent%20to%20participate%20was%20obtained%20from%20all%20participants.%20Images%20achieved%202%5Cu00a0months%20after%20the%20training%20were%20scored%20using%20standardized%20quality%20criteria%20and%20compared%20in%20both%20groups.%20The%20stress%20generated%20by%20this%20examination%20was%20also%20assessed%20with%20a%20simple%20numeric%20scale.%5CnResults%3A%20A%20total%20of%20137%20residents%20attended%20the%20simulation%20training%2C%2026%20consented%20to%20participate%20in%20the%20controlled%20trial.%20Sonographic%20image%20quality%20was%20significantly%20better%20in%20the%20simulation%20group%20for%20the%20sagittal%20view%20of%20the%20uterus%20%283.6%20vs%202.7%2C%20p%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu20090.01%29%2C%20for%20the%20longitudinal%20view%20of%20the%20right%20ovary%20%282.8%20vs%201.4%2C%20p%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu20090.027%29%2C%20and%20for%20the%20Morrison%20space%20%281.7%20vs%200.4%2C%20p%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu20090.034%29%2C%20but%20the%20difference%20was%20not%20significant%20for%20the%20left%20ovary%20%282.9%20vs%201.7%2C%20p%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu20090.189%29.%20The%20stress%20generated%20by%20TVS%20after%202%5Cu00a0months%20was%20not%20different%20between%20the%20groups%20%286.0%20vs%204.8%2C%20p%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu20090.4%29.%5CnConclusion%3A%20Simulation-based%20training%20improved%20the%20quality%20of%20pelvic%20US%20images%20in%20GP%20residents%20assessed%20after%202%5Cu00a0months%20of%20experience%20in%20gynecology%20compared%20to%20clinical%20training%20alone.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222017%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1186%5C%2Fs41077-017-0056-z%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222059-0628%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22GYVZ2K3D%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A42Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%225LQ3YJKX%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Le%20Lous%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222017-11-21%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A3%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3ELe%20Lous%20M%2C%20De%20Chanaud%20N%2C%20Bourret%20A%2C%20Senat%20MV%2C%20Colmant%20C%2C%20Jaury%20P%2C%20et%20al.%20Improving%20the%20quality%20of%20transvaginal%20ultrasound%20scan%20by%20simulation%20training%20for%20general%20practice%20residents.%20Advances%20in%20Simulation%20%5BInternet%5D.%202017%20Nov%2021%20%5Bcited%202018%20Mar%2010%5D%3B2%3A24.%20Available%20from%3A%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1186%5C%2Fs41077-017-0056-z%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1186%5C%2Fs41077-017-0056-z%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Improving%20the%20quality%20of%20transvaginal%20ultrasound%20scan%20by%20simulation%20training%20for%20general%20practice%20residents%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Le%20Lous%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22N.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22De%20Chanaud%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bourret%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20V.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Senat%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Colmant%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jaury%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Tesni%5Cu00e8re%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22V.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Tsatsaris%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Ultrasonography%20%28US%29%20is%20an%20essential%20tool%20for%20the%20diagnosis%20of%20acute%20gynecological%20conditions.%20General%20practice%20%28GP%29%20residents%20are%20involved%20in%20the%20first-line%20management%20of%20gynecologic%20emergencies.%20They%20are%20not%20familiar%20with%20US%20equipment.%20Initial%20training%20on%20simulators%20was%20conducted.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22November%2021%2C%202017%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1186%5C%2Fs41077-017-0056-z%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222059-0628%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1186%5C%2Fs41077-017-0056-z%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A41Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22YE42HE8P%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22de%20Chanaud%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222012-10%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3Ede%20Chanaud%20N%2C%20Boukari%20L%2C%20G%26%23xE9%3Brin%20M%2C%20Mekinian%20A%2C%20Fain%20O.%20%5BTyphoid%20fever.%20Sore%20throat%2C%20macrophage%20activation%20syndrome%20and%20glomerulonephritis%5D.%20Rev%20Prat.%202012%20Oct%3B62%288%29%3A1056.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22%5BTyphoid%20fever.%20Sore%20throat%2C%20macrophage%20activation%20syndrome%20and%20glomerulonephritis%5D%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Nicolas%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22de%20Chanaud%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Latifatou%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Boukari%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Magdalena%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22G%5Cu00e9rin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ars%5Cu00e8ne%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mekinian%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Olivier%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Fain%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Oct%202012%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22fre%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220035-2640%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A40Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22CMKDQP5V%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22de%20Chanaud%20and%20Sidrokiewitcz%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222017%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3Ede%20Chanaud%20N%2C%20Sidrokiewitcz%20S.%20Comparaison%20de%20l%26%23x2019%3Befficacit%26%23xE9%3B%20d%26%23x2019%3Bune%20%26%23xE9%3Bvaluation%20g%26%23xE9%3Briatrique%20en%20soins%20primaires%20r%26%23xE9%3Balis%26%23xE9%3Be%20par%20une%20infirmi%26%23xE8%3Bre%20ou%20un%20m%26%23xE9%3Bdecin%20g%26%23xE9%3Bn%26%23xE9%3Braliste.%20D%26%23x2019%3Bapr%26%23xE8%3Bs%20une%20communication%20de%26%23x202F%3B%3A%20Ferrat%20E%2C%20Attali%20C%2C%20Audureau%20E.%20Exercer.%202017%3B132%3A160%26%23x2013%3B1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Comparaison%20de%20l%27efficacit%5Cu00e9%20d%27une%20%5Cu00e9valuation%20g%5Cu00e9riatrique%20en%20soins%20primaires%20r%5Cu00e9alis%5Cu00e9e%20par%20une%20infirmi%5Cu00e8re%20ou%20un%20m%5Cu00e9decin%20g%5Cu00e9n%5Cu00e9raliste.%20D%27apr%5Cu00e8s%20une%20communication%20de%20%3A%20Ferrat%20E%2C%20Attali%20C%2C%20Audureau%20E.%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Nicolas%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22de%20Chanaud%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22St%5Cu00e9phanie%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sidrokiewitcz%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222017%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A40Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22VJBX8N8L%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Neuman%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222014-05%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3ENeuman%20MD%2C%20Goldstein%20JN%2C%20Cirullo%20MA%2C%20Schwartz%20JS.%20Durability%20of%20class%20I%20American%20College%20of%20Cardiology%5C%2FAmerican%20Heart%20Association%20clinical%20practice%20guideline%20recommendations.%20JAMA.%202014%20May%3B311%2820%29%3A2092%26%23x2013%3B100.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Durability%20of%20class%20I%20American%20College%20of%20Cardiology%5C%2FAmerican%20Heart%20Association%20clinical%20practice%20guideline%20recommendations%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mark%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Neuman%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jennifer%20N.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goldstein%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Michael%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Cirullo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20Sanford%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Schwartz%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22IMPORTANCE%3A%20Little%20is%20known%20regarding%20the%20durability%20of%20clinical%20practice%20guideline%20recommendations%20over%20time.%5CnOBJECTIVE%3A%20To%20characterize%20variations%20in%20the%20durability%20of%20class%20I%20%28%5C%22procedure%5C%2Ftreatment%20should%20be%20performed%5C%2Fadministered%5C%22%29%20American%20College%20of%20Cardiology%5C%2FAmerican%20Heart%20Association%20%28ACC%5C%2FAHA%29%20guideline%20recommendations.%5CnDESIGN%2C%20SETTING%2C%20AND%20PARTICIPANTS%3A%20Textual%20analysis%20by%204%20independent%20reviewers%20of%2011%20guidelines%20published%20between%201998%20and%202007%20and%20revised%20between%202006%20and%202013.%5CnMAIN%20OUTCOMES%20AND%20MEASURES%3A%20We%20abstracted%20all%20class%20I%20recommendations%20from%20the%20first%20of%20the%202%20most%20recent%20versions%20of%20each%20guideline%20and%20identified%20corresponding%20recommendations%20in%20the%20subsequent%20version.%20We%20classified%20recommendations%20replaced%20by%20less%20determinate%20or%20contrary%20recommendations%20as%20having%20been%20downgraded%20or%20reversed%3B%20we%20classified%20recommendations%20for%20which%20no%20corresponding%20item%20could%20be%20identified%20as%20having%20been%20omitted.%20We%20tested%20for%20differences%20in%20the%20durability%20of%20recommendations%20according%20to%20guideline%20topic%20and%20underlying%20level%20of%20evidence%20using%20bivariable%20hypothesis%20tests%20and%20conditional%20logistic%20regression.%5CnRESULTS%3A%20Of%20619%20index%20recommendations%2C%20495%20%2880.0%25%3B%2095%25%20CI%2C%2076.6%25-83.1%25%29%20were%20retained%20in%20the%20subsequent%20guideline%20version%2C%2057%20%289.2%25%3B%2095%25%20CI%2C%207.0%25-11.8%25%29%20were%20downgraded%20or%20reversed%2C%20and%2067%20%2810.8%25%3B%2095%25%20CI%2C%208.4%25-13.3%25%29%20were%20omitted.%20The%20percentage%20of%20recommendations%20retained%20varied%20across%20guidelines%20from%2015.4%25%20%2895%25%20CI%2C%201.9%25-45.4%25%29%20to%2094.1%25%20%2895%25%20CI%2C%2080.3%25-99.3%25%3B%20P%5Cu2009%3C%5Cu2009.001%29.%20Among%20recommendations%20with%20available%20information%20on%20level%20of%20evidence%2C%2090.5%25%20%2895%25%20CI%2C%2083.2%25-95.3%25%29%20of%20recommendations%20supported%20by%20multiple%20randomized%20studies%20were%20retained%2C%20vs%2081.0%25%20%2895%25%20CI%2C%2074.8%25-86.3%25%29%20of%20recommendations%20supported%20by%201%20randomized%20trial%20or%20observational%20data%20and%2073.7%25%20%2895%25%20CI%2C%2065.8%25-80.5%25%29%20of%20recommendations%20supported%20by%20opinion%20%28P%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu2009.001%29.%20After%20accounting%20for%20guideline-level%20factors%2C%20the%20probability%20of%20being%20downgraded%2C%20reversed%2C%20or%20omitted%20was%20greater%20for%20recommendations%20based%20on%20opinion%20%28odds%20ratio%2C%203.14%3B%2095%25%20CI%2C%201.69-5.85%3B%20P%5Cu2009%3C%5Cu2009.001%29%20or%20on%201%20trial%20or%20observational%20data%20%28odds%20ratio%2C%203.49%3B%2095%25%20CI%2C%201.45-8.41%3B%20P%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu2009.005%29%20vs%20recommendations%20based%20on%20multiple%20trials.%5CnCONCLUSIONS%20AND%20RELEVANCE%3A%20The%20durability%20of%20class%20I%20cardiology%20guideline%20recommendations%20for%20procedures%20and%20treatments%20promulgated%20by%20the%20ACC%5C%2FAHA%20varied%20across%20individual%20guidelines%20and%20levels%20of%20evidence.%20Downgrades%2C%20reversals%2C%20and%20omissions%20were%20most%20common%20among%20recommendations%20not%20supported%20by%20multiple%20randomized%20studies.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22May%202014%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1001%5C%2Fjama.2014.4949%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221538-3598%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A40Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22QZB4BKJV%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Bucher%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222017-02%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EBucher%20S%2C%20Maury%20A%2C%20Rosso%20J%2C%20de%20Chanaud%20N%2C%20Bloy%20G%2C%20Pendola-Luchel%20I%2C%20et%20al.%20Time%20and%20feasibility%20of%20prevention%20in%20primary%20care.%20Fam%20Pract.%202017%20Feb%3B34%281%29%3A49%26%23x2013%3B56.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Time%20and%20feasibility%20of%20prevention%20in%20primary%20care%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Sophie%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bucher%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Arnaud%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Maury%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Julie%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rosso%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Nicolas%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22de%20Chanaud%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22G%5Cu00e9raldine%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bloy%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Isabelle%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Pendola-Luchel%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Rapha%5Cu00eblle%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Delpech%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Sylvain%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Paquet%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Hector%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Falcoff%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Virginie%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ringa%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Laurent%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rigal%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22BACKGROUND%3A%20Prevention%20is%20an%20essential%20task%20in%20primary%20care.%20According%20to%20primary%20care%20physicians%20%28PCPs%29%2Clack%20of%20time%20is%20one%20of%20the%20principal%20obstacles%20to%20its%20performance.%5CnOBJECTIVE%3A%20To%20assess%20the%20feasibility%20of%20prevention%20in%20terms%20of%20time%20by%20estimating%20the%20time%20necessary%20to%20perform%20all%20of%20the%20preventive%20care%20recommended%2C%20separately%20from%20the%20PCPs%20and%20patient%27s%20perspectives%2C%20and%20to%20compare%20them%20to%20the%20amount%20of%20time%20available.%5CnMETHODS%3A%20A%20review%20of%20the%20literature%20identified%20the%20prevention%20procedures%20recommended%20in%20France%2C%20the%20duration%20of%20each%20procedure%20and%20its%20recommended%20frequency%2C%20as%20well%20as%20PCPs%27%20consultation%20time.%20A%20hypothetical%20patient%20panel%20size%20of%201000%20patients%2C%20representative%20of%20the%20French%20population%2C%20served%20as%20the%20basis%20for%20our%20calculations%20of%20the%20annual%20time%20necessary%20for%20prevention%20for%20a%20PCP.%20The%20prevention%20time%20from%20the%20patient%27s%20perspective%20was%20estimated%20from%20data%20collected%20from%20a%20previous%20study%20of%20a%20panel%20of%203556%20patients.%5CnRESULTS%3A%20For%20PCPs%2C%20the%20annual%20time%20necessary%20for%20all%20of%20the%20required%20preventive%20care%20was%20250%20hours%2C%20or%2020%25%20of%20their%20total%20patient%20time.%20For%20a%20patient%2C%20the%20annual%20time%20required%20for%20prevention%20during%20encounters%20with%20a%20PCP%20ranged%20from%209.7%20to%2026.4%20minutes%20per%20year.%20The%20mean%20total%20encounter%20time%20was%2075.9%20minutes%20per%20year.%20Nearly%2073%25%20of%20patients%20had%20a%20prevention-to-care%20time%20ratio%20exceeding%2015%25.%5CnCONCLUSION%3A%20Feasibility%20thus%20differs%20substantially%20between%20patients.%20These%20differences%20correspond%20especially%20to%20disparities%20in%20the%20annual%20care%20time%20used%20by%20each%20patient.%20Specific%20solutions%20should%20be%20developed%20according%20to%20the%20patients%27%20utilization%20of%20care.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Feb%202017%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1093%5C%2Ffampra%5C%2Fcmw108%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221460-2229%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A39Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%229VF93AHP%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Alderson%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222014-01%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EAlderson%20LJH%2C%20Alderson%20P%2C%20Tan%20T.%20Median%20life%20span%20of%20a%20cohort%20of%20National%20Institute%20for%20Health%20and%20Care%20Excellence%20clinical%20guidelines%20was%20about%2060%20months.%20J%20Clin%20Epidemiol.%202014%20Jan%3B67%281%29%3A52%26%23x2013%3B5.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Median%20life%20span%20of%20a%20cohort%20of%20National%20Institute%20for%20Health%20and%20Care%20Excellence%20clinical%20guidelines%20was%20about%2060%20months%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lucy%20J.%20H.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Alderson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Phil%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Alderson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Toni%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Tan%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22OBJECTIVES%3A%20To%20describe%20the%20length%20of%20time%20National%20Institute%20for%20Health%20and%20Care%20Excellence%20%28NICE%29%20clinical%20guidelines%20have%20remained%20valid.%5CnSTUDY%20DESIGN%20AND%20SETTING%3A%20The%20present%20study%20is%20a%20survival%20analysis%20of%20a%20cohort%20of%20published%20NICE%20clinical%20guidelines.%20The%20National%20Health%20Service%20in%20England%20and%20Wales%20uses%20NICE%20clinical%20practice%20guidelines%20as%20a%20reference%20for%20treatment%20and%20care%20of%20individuals.%20They%20need%20to%20be%20updated%20as%20new%20evidence%20arises%2C%20to%20remain%20credible%20and%20relevant%2C%20and%20are%20currently%20assessed%203%20years%20after%20publication.%5CnRESULTS%3A%20Survival%20analysis%20suggested%20that%20about%2086%25%20of%20guidelines%20are%20still%20up-to-date%203%20years%20after%20their%20publication.%20The%20median%20life%20span%20was%2060%20months%20%2895%25%20confidence%20interval%3A%2051%2C%2069%29.%5CnCONCLUSION%3A%20These%20findings%20are%20similar%20to%20those%20in%20other%20studies%20of%20the%20life%20span%20of%20guidelines.%20Efficient%20mechanisms%20must%20be%20in%20place%20to%20detect%20the%20minority%20of%20guidelines%20that%20become%20outdated%20quickly.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Jan%202014%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.jclinepi.2013.07.012%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221878-5921%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A39Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%229BZXCT4M%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Haute%20Autorit%5Cu00e9%20de%20Sant%5Cu00e9%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222014%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EHaute%20Autorit%26%23xE9%3B%20de%20Sant%26%23xE9%3B.%20Guide%20Saed%26%23x202F%3B%3A%20%5C%22%20%26%23xE7%3Ba%20aide%20%26%23xE0%3B%20communiquer%20%5C%22%20%5BInternet%5D.%202014%20%5Bcited%202017%20Mar%2023%5D.%20Available%20from%3A%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.has-sante.fr%5C%2Fportail%5C%2Fupload%5C%2Fdocs%5C%2Fapplication%5C%2Fpdf%5C%2F2014-11%5C%2Fsaed_guide_complet_2014-11-21_15-41-2_64.pdf%27%3Ehttp%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.has-sante.fr%5C%2Fportail%5C%2Fupload%5C%2Fdocs%5C%2Fapplication%5C%2Fpdf%5C%2F2014-11%5C%2Fsaed_guide_complet_2014-11-21_15-41-2_64.pdf%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22report%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Guide%20Saed%20%3A%20%5C%22%20%5Cu00e7a%20aide%20%5Cu00e0%20communiquer%20%5C%22%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Haute%20Autorit%5Cu00e9%20de%20Sant%5Cu00e9%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22reportNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22reportType%22%3A%22%22%2C%22institution%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222014%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.has-sante.fr%5C%2Fportail%5C%2Fupload%5C%2Fdocs%5C%2Fapplication%5C%2Fpdf%5C%2F2014-11%5C%2Fsaed_guide_complet_2014-11-21_15-41-2_64.pdf%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22GYEE5AQ2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A36Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22J9I8USF8%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Makary%20and%20Daniel%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222016-05-03%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EMakary%20MA%2C%20Daniel%20M.%20Medical%20error%26%23x2014%3Bthe%20third%20leading%20cause%20of%20death%20in%20the%20US.%20BMJ%20%5BInternet%5D.%202016%20May%203%20%5Bcited%202017%20Mar%2023%5D%3Bi2139.%20Available%20from%3A%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.bmj.com%5C%2Flookup%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2F10.1136%5C%2Fbmj.i2139%27%3Ehttp%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.bmj.com%5C%2Flookup%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2F10.1136%5C%2Fbmj.i2139%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Medical%20error%5Cu2014the%20third%20leading%20cause%20of%20death%20in%20the%20US%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Martin%20A%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Makary%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Michael%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Daniel%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222016-05-03%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1136%5C%2Fbmj.i2139%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221756-1833%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.bmj.com%5C%2Flookup%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2F10.1136%5C%2Fbmj.i2139%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A35Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22U6N2XUL4%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Makary%20and%20Daniel%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222016-05-03%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A3%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EMakary%20MA%2C%20Daniel%20M.%20Medical%20error%26%23x2014%3Bthe%20third%20leading%20cause%20of%20death%20in%20the%20US.%20BMJ%20%5BInternet%5D.%202016%20May%203%20%5Bcited%202017%20Mar%2023%5D%3B353%3Ai2139.%20Available%20from%3A%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.bmj.com%5C%2Fcontent%5C%2F353%5C%2Fbmj.i2139%27%3Ehttp%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.bmj.com%5C%2Fcontent%5C%2F353%5C%2Fbmj.i2139%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Medical%20error%5Cu2014the%20third%20leading%20cause%20of%20death%20in%20the%20US%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Martin%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Makary%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Michael%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Daniel%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Medical%20error%20is%20not%20included%20on%20death%20certificates%20or%20in%20rankings%20of%20cause%20of%20death.%20Martin%20Makary%20and%20Michael%20Daniel%20assess%20its%20contribution%20to%20mortality%20and%20call%20for%20better%20reporting%20%5Cn%5CnThe%20annual%20list%20of%20the%20most%20common%20causes%20of%20death%20in%20the%20United%20States%2C%20compiled%20by%20the%20Centers%20for%20Disease%20Control%20and%20Prevention%20%28CDC%29%2C%20informs%20public%20awareness%20and%20national%20research%20priorities%20each%20year.%20The%20list%20is%20created%20using%20death%20certificates%20filled%20out%20by%20physicians%2C%20funeral%20directors%2C%20medical%20examiners%2C%20and%20coroners.%20However%2C%20a%20major%20limitation%20of%20the%20death%20certificate%20is%20that%20it%20relies%20on%20assigning%20an%20International%20Classification%20of%20Disease%20%28ICD%29%20code%20to%20the%20cause%20of%20death.1%20As%20a%20result%2C%20causes%20of%20death%20not%20associated%20with%20an%20ICD%20code%2C%20such%20as%20human%20and%20system%20factors%2C%20are%20not%20captured.%20The%20science%20of%20safety%20has%20matured%20to%20describe%20how%20communication%20breakdowns%2C%20diagnostic%20errors%2C%20poor%20judgment%2C%20and%20inadequate%20skill%20can%20directly%20result%20in%20patient%20harm%20and%20death.%20We%20analyzed%20the%20scientific%20literature%20on%20medical%20error%20to%20identify%20its%20contribution%20to%20US%20deaths%20in%20relation%20to%20causes%20listed%20by%20the%20CDC.2%5Cn%5CnMedical%20error%20has%20been%20defined%20as%20an%20unintended%20act%20%28either%20of%20omission%20or%20commission%29%20or%20one%20that%20does%20not%20achieve%20its%20intended%20outcome%2C3%20the%20failure%20of%20a%20planned%20action%20to%20be%20completed%20as%20intended%20%28an%20error%20of%20execution%29%2C%20the%20use%20of%20a%20wrong%20plan%20to%20achieve%20an%20aim%20%28an%20error%20of%20planning%29%2C4%20or%20a%20deviation%20from%20the%20process%20of%20care%20that%20may%20or%20may%20not%20cause%20harm%20to%20the%20patient.5%20Patient%20harm%20from%20medical%20error%20can%20occur%20at%20the%20individual%20or%20system%20level.%20The%20taxonomy%20of%20errors%20is%20expanding%20to%20better%20categorize%20preventable%20factors%20and%20events.6%20We%20focus%20on%20preventable%20lethal%20events%20to%20highlight%20the%20scale%20of%20potential%20for%20improvement.%5Cn%5CnThe%20role%20of%20error%20can%20be%20complex.%20While%20%5Cu2026%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222016%5C%2F05%5C%2F03%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1136%5C%2Fbmj.i2139%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221756-1833%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.bmj.com%5C%2Fcontent%5C%2F353%5C%2Fbmj.i2139%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22GYEE5AQ2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A34Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%224DDCJQQ7%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Michel%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222005%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EMichel%20P%2C%20Quenon%20JL%2C%20Djihoud%20A.%20Les%20%26%23xE9%3Bv%26%23xE9%3Bnements%20ind%26%23xE9%3Bsirables%20graves%20li%26%23xE9%3Bs%20au%20soins%20observ%26%23xE9%3Bs%20dans%20les%20%26%23xE9%3Btablissements%20de%20sant%26%23xE9%3B%26%23x202F%3B%3A%20premiers%20r%26%23xE9%3Bsultats%20d%26%23x2019%3Bune%20%26%23xE9%3Btude%20nationale.%20Etudes%20et%20R%26%23xE9%3Bsultats%20%5BInternet%5D.%202005%20%5Bcited%202017%20Mar%2023%5D%3B%28398%29.%20Available%20from%3A%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fsocial-sante.gouv.fr%5C%2FIMG%5C%2Fpdf%5C%2FENEIS_1.pdf%27%3Ehttp%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fsocial-sante.gouv.fr%5C%2FIMG%5C%2Fpdf%5C%2FENEIS_1.pdf%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Les%20%5Cu00e9v%5Cu00e9nements%20ind%5Cu00e9sirables%20graves%20li%5Cu00e9s%20au%20soins%20observ%5Cu00e9s%20dans%20les%20%5Cu00e9tablissements%20de%20sant%5Cu00e9%20%3A%20premiers%20r%5Cu00e9sultats%20d%27une%20%5Cu00e9tude%20nationale%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Philippe%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Michel%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jean%20Luc%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Quenon%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ahmed%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Djihoud%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222005%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fsocial-sante.gouv.fr%5C%2FIMG%5C%2Fpdf%5C%2FENEIS_1.pdf%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A33Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22HLENJMK9%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Chaleix%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222010%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EChaleix%20M%2C%20IZOTTE-KRET%20M%2C%20R%26%23xE9%3Bgine%20BS%2C%20QUENON%20JL%2C%20OLIER%20L.%20Les%20%26%23xE9%3Bv%26%23xE9%3Bnements%20ind%26%23xE9%3Bsirables%20graves%20associ%26%23xE9%3Bs%20aux%20soins%20observ%26%23xE9%3Bs%20dans%20les%20%26%23xE9%3Btablissements%20de%20sant%26%23xE9%3B%20-%20R%26%23xE9%3Bsultat%20des%20enqu%26%23xEA%3Btes%20nationales%20men%26%23xE9%3Bes%20en%202009%20et%202004.%20Solidarit%26%23xE9%3B%20Sant%26%23xE9%3B%20%5BInternet%5D.%202010%20%5Bcited%202017%20Mar%2023%5D%3B%2817%29.%20Available%20from%3A%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.guidedesdemarches.com%5C%2FDOCS%5C%2FDOC123.pdf%27%3Ehttp%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.guidedesdemarches.com%5C%2FDOCS%5C%2FDOC123.pdf%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Les%20%5Cu00e9v%5Cu00e9nements%20ind%5Cu00e9sirables%20graves%20associ%5Cu00e9s%20aux%20soins%20observ%5Cu00e9s%20dans%20les%20%5Cu00e9tablissements%20de%20sant%5Cu00e9%20-%20R%5Cu00e9sultat%20des%20enqu%5Cu00eates%20nationales%20men%5Cu00e9es%20en%202009%20et%202004%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Myl%5Cu00e8ne%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Chaleix%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Marion%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22IZOTTE-KRET%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22BRU-SONNET%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22R%5Cu00e9gine%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jean-Luc%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22QUENON%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lucile%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22OLIER%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222010%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.guidedesdemarches.com%5C%2FDOCS%5C%2FDOC123.pdf%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A32Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22MXG76BUQ%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Stewart%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222001-02-24%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A3%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EStewart%20M.%20Towards%20a%20global%20definition%20of%20patient%20centred%20care.%20BMJ%20%5BInternet%5D.%202001%20Feb%2024%20%5Bcited%202017%20Jan%205%5D%3B322%287284%29%3A444%26%23x2013%3B5.%20Available%20from%3A%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.bmj.com%5C%2Fcontent%5C%2F322%5C%2F7284%5C%2F444%27%3Ehttp%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.bmj.com%5C%2Fcontent%5C%2F322%5C%2F7284%5C%2F444%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Towards%20a%20global%20definition%20of%20patient%20centred%20care%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Moira%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Stewart%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Primary%20care%20p%20468%20%5Cn%5CnKey%20messages%20about%20patient%20centred%20care%20can%20be%20drawn%20from%20the%20paper%20by%20Little%20et%20al%20in%20this%20issue%20of%20the%20BMJ%20%28p%20468%29.1%20Firstly%2C%20strong%20agreement%20exists%20between%20the%20definition%20of%20patient%20centredness%20that%20arises%20empirically%20from%20this%20observational%20study%20of%20patients%20in%20the%20United%20Kingdom%20and%20another%20definition%20arising%20from%20reflections%20on%20practice%20in%20South%20Africa%20and%20Canada%2C2%20suggesting%20an%20international%20definition%20of%20patient%20centred%20medicine.%20Secondly%2C%20the%20premise%20of%20the%20observational%20study%20is%20correct%5Cu2014that%20the%20best%20way%20of%20measuring%20patient%20centredness%20is%20an%20assessment%20made%20by%20the%20patients%20themselves.%5Cn%5CnPatient%20centredness%20is%20becoming%20a%20widely%20used%2C%20but%20poorly%20understood%2C%20concept%20in%20medical%20practice.%20It%20may%20be%20most%20commonly%20understood%20for%20what%20it%20is%20not%5Cu2014technology%20centred%2C%20doctor%20centred%2C%20hospital%20centred%2C%20disease%20centred.%20Definitions%20of%20patient%20centred%20care%20seek%20to%20make%20the%20implicit%20in%20patient%20care%20explicit.%20Such%20definitions%20are%2C%20we%20recognise%2C%20oversimplifications%20which%20help%20in%20teaching%20and%20research%20but%20fail%20to%20capture%20the%20indivisible%20whole%20of%20a%20healing%20relationship.%20Perhaps%20qualitative%20research%20comes%20closer%20to%20conveying%20the%20qualities%20of%20such%20care.%5Cn%5CnAcknowledging%20these%20limitations%2C%20researchers%20seek%20answers%20to%20crucial%20questions%20%5Cu2026%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222001%5C%2F02%5C%2F24%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1136%5C%2Fbmj.322.7284.444%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220959-8138%2C%201468-5833%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.bmj.com%5C%2Fcontent%5C%2F322%5C%2F7284%5C%2F444%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22GZG4LDJ6%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A30Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22P7KD82A6%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22parsedDate%22%3A%222017-01-05%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EMinerva%20Website%20%5BInternet%5D.%202017%20%5Bcited%202017%20Jan%205%5D.%20Crit%26%23xE8%3Bres%20composites%26%23x202F%3B%3A%20interpr%26%23xE9%3Btation%20clinique.%20Available%20from%3A%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.minerva-ebm.be%5C%2Ffr%5C%2Farticle%5C%2F410%27%3Ehttp%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.minerva-ebm.be%5C%2Ffr%5C%2Farticle%5C%2F410%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22webpage%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Crit%5Cu00e8res%20composites%20%3A%20interpr%5Cu00e9tation%20clinique%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222017-01-05%2013%3A06%3A09%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.minerva-ebm.be%5C%2Ffr%5C%2Farticle%5C%2F410%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22GZG4LDJ6%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A29Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22XXR36IYS%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Jegu%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222014%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EJegu%20J%2C%20Braun%20M%2C%20Pelaccia%20T.%20Quelle%20est%20la%20motivation%20des%20%26%23xE9%3Btudiants%20en%20m%26%23xE9%3Bdecine%20pour%20l%26%23x2019%3Bapprentissage%20de%20la%20lecture%20critique%20d%26%23x2019%3Barticle%26%23x202F%3B%3F%20P%26%23xE9%3Bdagogie%20M%26%23xE9%3Bdicale%20%5BInternet%5D.%202014%20%5Bcited%202017%20Jan%205%5D%3B15%284%29%3A259%26%23x2013%3B67.%20Available%20from%3A%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.pedagogie-medicale.org%5C%2F10.1051%5C%2Fpmed%5C%2F2014019%27%3Ehttp%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.pedagogie-medicale.org%5C%2F10.1051%5C%2Fpmed%5C%2F2014019%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Quelle%20est%20la%20motivation%20des%20%5Cu00e9tudiants%20en%20m%5Cu00e9decine%20pour%20l%5Cu2019apprentissage%20de%20la%20lecture%20critique%20d%5Cu2019article%20%3F%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J%5Cu00e9r%5Cu00e9mie%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jegu%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Marc%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Braun%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Thierry%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Pelaccia%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2211%5C%2F2014%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1051%5C%2Fpmed%5C%2F2014019%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221625-6484%2C%201627-4784%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.pedagogie-medicale.org%5C%2F10.1051%5C%2Fpmed%5C%2F2014019%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22GZG4LDJ6%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A28Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%2248N6HTSP%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Association%20p%5Cu00e9dagogique%20nationale%20pour%20l%27enseignement%20de%20la%20th%5Cu00e9rapeutique%20%28France%29%20and%20Durocher%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222015%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EAssociation%20p%26%23xE9%3Bdagogique%20nationale%20pour%20l%26%23x2019%3Benseignement%20de%20la%20th%26%23xE9%3Brapeutique%20%28France%29%2C%20Durocher%20A.%20LCA-UE%2012%3A%20formation%20g%26%23xE9%3Bn%26%23xE9%3Brale%20%26%23xE0%3B%20la%20recherche%26%23x202F%3B%3A%20iECN%202016%2C%202017%2C%202018%26%23x202F%3B%3A%20cours%20%2B%20entra%26%23xEE%3Bnement.%20Paris%3A%20Med-Line%20%26%23xE9%3Bditions%3B%202015.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22book%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22LCA-UE%2012%3A%20formation%20g%5Cu00e9n%5Cu00e9rale%20%5Cu00e0%20la%20recherche%20%3A%20iECN%202016%2C%202017%2C%202018%20%3A%20cours%20%2B%20entra%5Cu00eenement%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Association%20p%5Cu00e9dagogique%20nationale%20pour%20l%27enseignement%20de%20la%20th%5Cu00e9rapeutique%20%28France%29%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Alain%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Durocher%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222015%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22French%22%2C%22ISBN%22%3A%22978-2-84678-159-6%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22GZG4LDJ6%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A28Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22PPSJ93BI%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Mayer%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222015-01-01%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EMayer%20B%2C%20Ring%20C%2C%20Muche%20R%2C%20Rothenbacher%20D%2C%20Schmidt-Stra%26%23xDF%3Bburger%20U.%20Creating%20a%20blended%20learning%20module%20in%20an%20online%20master%20study%20programme%20in%20oncology.%20Educ%20Health%20%5BInternet%5D.%202015%20Jan%201%3B28%281%29%3A101%26%23x2013%3B5.%20Available%20from%3A%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.educationforhealth.net%5C%2Farticle.asp%3Fissn%3D1357-6283%3Byear%3D2015%3Bvolume%3D28%3Bissue%3D1%3Bspage%3D101%3Bepage%3D105%3Baulast%3DMayer%27%3Ehttp%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.educationforhealth.net%5C%2Farticle.asp%3Fissn%3D1357-6283%3Byear%3D2015%3Bvolume%3D28%3Bissue%3D1%3Bspage%3D101%3Bepage%3D105%3Baulast%3DMayer%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Creating%20a%20blended%20learning%20module%20in%20an%20online%20master%20study%20programme%20in%20oncology%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Benjamin%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mayer%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Christina%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ring%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Rainer%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Muche%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Dietrich%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rothenbacher%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Uta%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Schmidt-Stra%5Cu00dfburger%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Background%3A%20The%20medical%20faculty%20of%20Ulm%20University%20has%20launched%20the%20postgraduate%20master%20online%20study%20programme%20Advanced%20Oncology%20%28AO%29%20in%202010.%20We%20describe%20the%20challenges%20in%20developing%20an%20e-learning%20module%20using%20the%20example%20of%20a%20medical%20biometry%20course%2C%20focusing%20the%20implementation%20of%20the%20course%20material%20and%20our%20single-loop%20learning%20experience%20after%20the%20first%20students%20have%20finished%20and%20evaluated%20the%20lecture.%20Methods%3A%20Programme%20participants%20are%20qualified%20medical%20doctors%20and%20researchers%20in%20biomedical%20areas%20related%20to%20the%20field%20of%20oncology.%20The%20study%20programme%20provides%20the%20majority%20of%20lectures%20online%20via%20didactic%20videos%20accompanied%20by%20one-week%20attendance%20seminars.%20Supplementary%20learning%20materials%20include%20review%20articles%2C%20supportive%20reading%20material%2C%20multiple%20choice%20questions%2C%20and%20exercises%20for%20each%20unit.%20Lecture%20evaluations%20based%20on%20specific%20questions%20concerning%20learning%20environment%20and%20information%20learned%2C%20each%20measured%20on%20a%20five-point%20Likert%20scale.%20Results%3A%20Lecture%20videos%20were%20implemented%20following%20the%20classical%20triad%20of%20the%20didactic%20process%2C%20using%20oncological%20examples%20from%20practice%20to%20teach.%20The%20online%20tutorial%20support%20offered%20to%20students%20was%20hardly%20used%2C%20thus%20we%20enhanced%20faculty%20presence%20during%20the%20face-to-face%20seminars.%20Lecture%20evaluations%20improved%20after%20revising%20the%20learning%20material%20on%20the%20basis%20of%20the%20first%20AO%20student%20cohort%27s%20comments.%20Discussion%3A%20Developing%20and%20implementing%20an%20online%20study%20programme%20is%20challenging%20with%20respect%20of%20maximizing%20the%20information%20students%20learn%20due%20to%20limited%20opportunities%20for%20personal%20contact%20between%20lecturers%20and%20students.%20A%20more%20direct%20interaction%20of%20lecturers%20and%20students%20in%20a%20blended%20learning%20setting%20outperforms%20a%20mere%20web-based%20contact%20in%20terms%20of%20learning%20advantage%20and%20students%27%20satisfaction%2C%20especially%20for%20complex%20methodological%20content.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22janvier%201%2C%202015%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.4103%5C%2F1357-6283.161951%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.educationforhealth.net%5C%2Farticle.asp%3Fissn%3D1357-6283%3Byear%3D2015%3Bvolume%3D28%3Bissue%3D1%3Bspage%3D101%3Bepage%3D105%3Baulast%3DMayer%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22GZG4LDJ6%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A28Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22AYC2RAK4%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22parsedDate%22%3A%222015%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EEducation%20for%20Health%20%5BInternet%5D.%202015%3B28%281%29%3A101%26%23x2013%3B5.%20Available%20from%3A%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.educationforhealth.net%5C%2Farticle.asp%3Fissn%3D1357-6283%3Byear%3D2015%3Bvolume%3D28%3Bissue%3D1%3Bspage%3D101%3Bepage%3D105%3Baulast%3DMayer%27%3Ehttp%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.educationforhealth.net%5C%2Farticle.asp%3Fissn%3D1357-6283%3Byear%3D2015%3Bvolume%3D28%3Bissue%3D1%3Bspage%3D101%3Bepage%3D105%3Baulast%3DMayer%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%3Cb%3EBackground%3A%3C%5C%2Fb%3E%20The%20medical%20faculty%20of%20Ulm%20University%20has%20launched%20the%20postgraduate%20master%20online%20study%20programme%20Advanced%20Oncology%20%28AO%29%20in%202010.%20We%20describe%20the%20challenges%20in%20developing%20an%20e-learning%20module%20using%20the%20example%20of%20a%20medical%20biometry%20course%2C%20focusing%20the%20implementation%20of%20the%20course%20material%20and%20our%20single-loop%20learning%20experience%20after%20the%20first%20students%20have%20finished%20and%20evaluated%20the%20lecture.%20%3Cb%3EMethods%3A%3C%5C%2Fb%3E%20Programme%20participants%20are%20qualified%20medical%20doctors%20and%20researchers%20in%20biomedical%20areas%20related%20to%20the%20field%20of%20oncology.%20The%20study%20programme%20provides%20the%20majority%20of%20lectures%20online%20via%20didactic%20videos%20accompanied%20by%20one-week%20attendance%20seminars.%20Supplementary%20learning%20materials%20include%20review%20articles%2C%20supportive%20reading%20material%2C%20multiple%20choice%20questions%2C%20and%20exercises%20for%20each%20unit.%20Lecture%20evaluations%20based%20on%20specific%20questions%20concerning%20learning%20environment%20and%20information%20learned%2C%20each%20measured%20on%20a%20five-point%20Likert%20scale.%20%3Cb%3EResults%3A%3C%5C%2Fb%3E%20Lecture%20videos%20were%20implemented%20following%20the%20classical%20triad%20of%20the%20didactic%20process%2C%20using%20oncological%20examples%20from%20practice%20to%20teach.%20The%20online%20tutorial%20support%20offered%20to%20students%20was%20hardly%20used%2C%20thus%20we%20enhanced%20faculty%20presence%20during%20the%20face-to-face%20seminars.%20Lecture%20evaluations%20improved%20after%20revising%20the%20learning%20material%20on%20the%20basis%20of%20the%20first%20AO%20student%20cohort%27s%20comments.%20%3Cb%3EDiscussion%3A%3C%5C%2Fb%3E%20Developing%20and%20implementing%20an%20online%20study%20programme%20is%20challenging%20with%20respect%20of%20maximizing%20the%20information%20students%20learn%20due%20to%20limited%20opportunities%20for%20personal%20contact%20between%20lecturers%20and%20students.%20A%20more%20direct%20interaction%20of%20lecturers%20and%20students%20in%20a%20blended%20learning%20setting%20outperforms%20a%20mere%20web-based%20contact%20in%20terms%20of%20learning%20advantage%20and%20students%27%20satisfaction%2C%20especially%20for%20complex%20methodological%20content.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222015%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.educationforhealth.net%5C%2Farticle.asp%3Fissn%3D1357-6283%3Byear%3D2015%3Bvolume%3D28%3Bissue%3D1%3Bspage%3D101%3Bepage%3D105%3Baulast%3DMayer%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A28Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22QFZWFDG4%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Moak%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222014-07%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EMoak%20JH%2C%20Larese%20SR%2C%20Riordan%20JP%2C%20Sudhir%20A%2C%20Yan%20G.%20Training%20in%20transvaginal%20sonography%20using%20pelvic%20ultrasound%20simulators%20versus%20live%20models%3A%20a%20randomized%20controlled%20trial.%20Acad%20Med.%202014%20Jul%3B89%287%29%3A1063%26%23x2013%3B8.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Training%20in%20transvaginal%20sonography%20using%20pelvic%20ultrasound%20simulators%20versus%20live%20models%3A%20a%20randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22James%20H.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Moak%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Shannon%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Larese%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22John%20P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Riordan%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Amita%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sudhir%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Guofen%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Yan%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22PURPOSE%3A%20To%20compare%20pelvic%20ultrasound%20simulators%20%28PSs%29%20with%20live%20models%20%28LMs%29%20for%20training%20in%20transvaginal%20sonography%20%28TVS%29.%5CnMETHOD%3A%20The%20authors%20conducted%20a%20prospective%2C%20randomized%20controlled%20trial%20of%20145%20eligible%20medical%20students%20trained%20in%20TVS%20in%202011-2012%20with%20either%20a%20PS%20or%20an%20LM.%20A%20patient%20educator%20was%20used%20for%20LM%20training.%20Simulated%20intrauterine%20and%20ectopic%20pregnancy%20models%20were%20used%20for%20PS%20training.%20Students%20were%20tested%20using%20a%20standardized%20patient%20who%20evaluated%20their%20professionalism.%20A%20proctor%2C%20blinded%20to%20training%20type%2C%20scored%20their%20scanning%20technique.%20Digital%20images%20were%20saved%20for%20blinded%20review.%20Students%20rated%20their%20training%20using%20a%20Likert%20scale%20%280%20%3D%20not%20very%20well%3B%2010%20%3D%20very%20well%29.%20The%20primary%20outcome%20measure%20was%20students%27%20overall%20performance%20on%20a%2040-point%20assessment%20tool%20for%20professionalism%2C%20scanning%20technique%2C%20and%20image%20acquisition.%20Poisson%20regression%20and%20Student%20t%20test%20were%20used%20for%20comparisons.%5CnRESULTS%3A%20A%20total%20of%20134%20students%20participated%20%2862%20trained%20using%20a%20PS%3B%2072%20using%20an%20LM%29.%20Mean%20overall%20test%20scores%20were%2056%25%20for%20the%20PS%20group%20and%2069%25%20for%20the%20LM%20group%20%28P%20%3D%20.001%29.%20A%20significant%20difference%20was%20identified%20in%20scanning%20technique%20%28PS%2C%2060%25%20versus%20LM%2C%2073%25%3B%20P%20%3D%20.001%29%20and%20image%20acquisition%20%28PS%2C%2037%25%20versus%20LM%2C%2059%25%3B%20P%20%3D%20.001%29.%20None%20was%20observed%20for%20professionalism.%20The%20PS%20group%20rated%20their%20training%20experience%20at%204.4%2C%20whereas%20the%20LM%20group%20rated%20theirs%20at%206.2%20%28P%20%3C%20.001%29.%5CnCONCLUSIONS%3A%20Simulators%20do%20not%20perform%20as%20well%20as%20LMs%20for%20training%20novices%20in%20TVS%2C%20but%20they%20may%20be%20useful%20as%20an%20adjunct%20to%20LM%20training.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Jul%202014%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22ENG%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1097%5C%2FACM.0000000000000294%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221938-808X%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22L242WUL9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A28Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%2243WYMU2K%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Dorton%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222014-01%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EDorton%20LH%2C%20Lintzenich%20CR%2C%20Evans%20AK.%20Simulation%20model%20for%20tracheotomy%20education%20for%20primary%20health-care%20providers.%20Ann%20Otol%20Rhinol%20Laryngol.%202014%20Jan%3B123%281%29%3A11%26%23x2013%3B8.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Simulation%20model%20for%20tracheotomy%20education%20for%20primary%20health-care%20providers%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22LeighAnne%20H.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Dorton%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Catherine%20Rees%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lintzenich%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Adele%20K.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Evans%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22OBJECTIVES%3A%20We%20performed%20this%20study%20to%20evaluate%20the%20competency%20of%20health-care%20providers%20managing%20patients%20with%20tracheotomies%2C%20and%20assess%20the%20need%20for%2C%20and%20efficacy%20of%2C%20a%20multidisciplinary%20educational%20program%20incorporating%20patient%20simulation.%5CnMETHODS%3A%20The%20prospective%20observational%20study%20included%2087%20subjects%20who%20manage%20patients%20with%20tracheotomies%20within%20a%20tertiary-care%20hospital.%20The%20subjects%20completed%20self-assessment%20questionnaires%20and%20objective%20multiple-choice%20tests%20before%20and%20after%20attending%20a%20comprehensive%20educational%20course%20using%20patient%20simulation.%20The%20outcome%20measurements%20included%20pre-course%20and%20post-course%20questionnaire%20and%20test%20scores%2C%20as%20well%20as%20observational%20data%20collected%20during%20recorded%20patient%20simulation%20sessions.%5CnRESULTS%3A%20Before%20the%20education%20and%20simulation%2C%20the%20subjects%20reported%20an%20average%20comfort%20level%20of%203.3%20on%20a%205-point%20Likert%20scale%20across%2010%20categories%20in%20the%20questionnaire%2C%20which%20improved%20to%204.4%20after%20the%20training%20%28p%20%3C%200.0001%29.%20The%20subjects%27%20mean%20scores%20improved%20from%2056%25%20on%20the%20pre-course%20test%20to%2091%25%20on%20the%20post-course%20test%20%28p%20%3C%200.0001%29.%20The%20specific%20deficiencies%20observed%20during%20patient%20simulation%20scenarios%20included%20unfamiliarity%20with%20different%20tracheotomy%20tube%20types%2C%20misunderstanding%20of%20speaking%20valve%20physiology%2C%20and%20delayed%20recognition%20and%20treatment%20of%20a%20plugged%20or%20dislodged%20tracheotomy%20tube.%5CnCONCLUSIONS%3A%20There%20is%20a%20significant%20need%20for%20improved%20tracheotomy%20education%20among%20primary%20health-care%20providers.%20Incorporating%20patient%20simulation%20into%20a%20comprehensive%20tracheotomy%20educational%20program%20was%20effective%20in%20improving%20provider%20confidence%2C%20increasing%20provider%20knowledge%2C%20and%20teaching%20the%20skills%20necessary%20for%20managing%20patients%20with%20a%20tracheotomy.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Jan%202014%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22ENG%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1177%5C%2F0003489414521144%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220003-4894%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22L242WUL9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A28Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22EAQI67FZ%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Sukalich%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222014-01%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3ESukalich%20S%2C%20Elliott%20JO%2C%20Ruffner%20G.%20Teaching%20medical%20error%20disclosure%20to%20residents%20using%20patient-centered%20simulation%20training.%20Acad%20Med.%202014%20Jan%3B89%281%29%3A136%26%23x2013%3B43.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Teaching%20medical%20error%20disclosure%20to%20residents%20using%20patient-centered%20simulation%20training%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Sara%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sukalich%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22John%20O.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Elliott%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Gina%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ruffner%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22PURPOSE%3A%20To%20determine%20whether%20a%20standardized%20patient%20encounter%20and%20self-guided%20tutorial%20would%20improve%20first-year%20residents%27%20self-efficacy%20for%20disclosing%20medical%20errors.%5CnMETHOD%3A%20In%202011%2C%2055%20first-year%20residents%20participated%20in%20a%20simulation%20in%20which%20they%20disclosed%20an%20error%20to%20a%20standardized%20patient%20playing%20the%20part%20of%20a%20family%20member.%20Residents%20completed%20the%20simulation%20twice%2C%20four%20weeks%20apart%2C%20and%20completed%20presession%20knowledge%20and%20self-efficacy%20%28based%20on%20the%20Accreditation%20Council%20for%20Graduate%20Medical%20Education%20%5BACGME%5D%20core%20competencies%29%20assessments%20and%20repeated%20the%20self-efficacy%20assessment%20after%20the%20sessions.%20Residents%20reviewed%20the%20videos%20of%20their%20encounters%20either%20alone%20%28self-debrief%29%20or%20with%20a%20faculty%20observer%20%28faculty%20debrief%29.%20Between%20sessions%2C%20they%20completed%20a%20self-paced%20learning%20tutorial.%20Two%20external%20faculty%20also%20rated%20the%20residents%27%20performances%20using%20videos%20of%20the%20encounters.%5CnRESULTS%3A%20Residents%27%20self-efficacy%20significantly%20increased%20from%20a%20Session%201%20pretest%20mean%20%28standard%20deviation%29%20score%20of%20119.6%20%2826.6%29%20to%20a%20Session%202%20posttest%20score%20of%20150.3%20%2824.9%29%20for%20all%20ACGME%20competencies%20%28P%20%3C%20.001%2C%20Cohen%27s%20d%20%3D%201.19%29.%20The%20external%20reviewers%27%20ratings%20provided%20additional%2C%20objective%20support%20for%20residents%27%20improvement%20on%20questions%20assessing%20ACGME%20competencies%20%28P%20%3D%20.001%29.%20Comparisons%20of%20the%20self-efficacy%20of%20residents%20in%20the%20self-debrief%20versus%20faculty%20debrief%20groups%20yielded%20no%20significant%20differences%20on%20any%20ACGME%20competencies.%5CnCONCLUSIONS%3A%20Timely%2C%20explicit%2C%20and%20empathetic%20disclosure%20of%20medical%20errors%20to%20patients%20and%20family%20is%20essential%20to%20maintaining%20trust%20and%20is%20an%20important%20part%20of%20patient-centered%20medical%20care.%20This%20intervention%20easily%20could%20be%20replicated%20in%20other%20settings%20and%20is%20applicable%20to%20many%20members%20of%20the%20health%20care%20team%2C%20not%20just%20to%20residents.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Jan%202014%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22ENG%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1097%5C%2FACM.0000000000000046%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221938-808X%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22L242WUL9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A28Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%2292DKLXA8%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Prislin%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%221998-05%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EPrislin%20MD%2C%20Fitzpatrick%20CF%2C%20Lie%20D%2C%20Giglio%20M%2C%20Radecki%20S%2C%20Lewis%20E.%20Use%20of%20an%20objective%20structured%20clinical%20examination%20in%20evaluating%20student%20performance.%20Fam%20Med.%201998%20May%3B30%285%29%3A338%26%23x2013%3B44.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Use%20of%20an%20objective%20structured%20clinical%20examination%20in%20evaluating%20student%20performance%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Prislin%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%20F.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Fitzpatrick%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lie%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Giglio%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Radecki%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lewis%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22BACKGROUND%20AND%20OBJECTIVES%3A%20The%20objective%20structured%20clinical%20exam%20%28OSCE%29%20is%20increasingly%20being%20used%20to%20evaluate%20student%20clinical%20performance.%20However%2C%20scant%20literature%20exists%20pertinent%20to%20this%20approach%20in%20evaluating%20family%20medicine%20clerkship%20performance.%20In%20this%20study%2C%20we%20assess%208%20years%27%20experience%20with%20a%20family%20medicine%20clerkship%20OSCE.%5CnMETHODS%3A%20Eight%20annual%20clerkship%20OSCEs%20and%20the%20performance%20of%20696%20students%20are%20described.%20Comparisons%20of%20faculty%20evaluation%2C%20written%20exam%2C%20and%20OSCE%20performance%20are%20made%20for%20335%20students.%20Post-OSCE%20student%20and%20faculty%20feedback%20regarding%20OSCE%20validity%20and%20utility%20is%20also%20presented.%5CnRESULTS%3A%20Student%20performance%20is%20highest%20in%20medical%20history%20taking%20and%20physical%20examination%20and%20lowest%20in%20information-sharing%20stations.%20OSCE%20results%20appear%20to%20be%20relatively%20consistent%20on%20a%20year-to-year%20basis.%20OSCE%2C%20faculty%20evaluation%2C%20and%20written%20exam%20results%20have%20low%20overall%20levels%20of%20correlation%2C%20particularly%20in%20assessing%20performance%20that%20differs%20substantially%20from%20the%20mean.%20Students%20and%20faculty%20agree%20that%20the%20OSCE%20experience%20reflects%20skills%20that%20students%20should%20possess%2C%20but%20there%20is%20less%20agreement%20that%20the%20OSCE%20reflects%20clerkship-related%20learning%20and%20actual%20student%20performance.%20Both%20students%20and%20faculty%20derive%20insight%20from%20the%20OSCE%20regarding%20the%20definition%20of%20specific%20learning%20needs.%5CnCONCLUSIONS%3A%20The%20family%20medicine%20clerkship%20OSCE%20we%20describe%20appears%20to%20provide%20consistent%20measures%20of%20student%20performance.%20Although%20content%20validity%20is%20high%2C%20further%20assessment%20is%20needed%20to%20assure%20construct%20validity.%20The%20OSCE%20experience%20provides%20students%20with%20a%20rich%20resource%20for%20defining%20clerkship-related%20learning%20needs.%20Study%20results%20strongly%20suggest%20that%20OSCEs%2C%20faculty%20evaluations%2C%20and%20written%20exams%20provide%20differing%20measures%20of%20student%20performance.%20The%20reasons%20for%20these%20differences%20merit%20further%20exploration.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22May%201998%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22ENG%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220742-3225%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22L242WUL9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A27Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22RMIFP94K%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Harris%20and%20Sun%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222013-09%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EHarris%20JM%2C%20Sun%20H.%20A%20randomized%20trial%20of%20two%20e-learning%20strategies%20for%20teaching%20substance%20abuse%20management%20skills%20to%20physicians.%20Acad%20Med.%202013%20Sep%3B88%289%29%3A1357%26%23x2013%3B62.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22A%20randomized%20trial%20of%20two%20e-learning%20strategies%20for%20teaching%20substance%20abuse%20management%20skills%20to%20physicians%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22John%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Harris%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Huaping%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sun%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22PURPOSE%3A%20To%20compare%20the%20educational%20effectiveness%20of%20two%20virtual%20patient%20%28VP%29-based%20e-learning%20strategies%2C%20versus%20no%20training%2C%20in%20improving%20physicians%27%20substance%20abuse%20management%20knowledge%2C%20attitudes%2C%20self-reported%20behaviors%2C%20and%20decision%20making.%5CnMETHOD%3A%20The%202011-2012%20study%20was%20a%20posttest-only%2C%20three-arm%2C%20randomized%20controlled%20trial%20in%2090%20resident%20and%2030%20faculty%20physicians%20from%20five%20adult%20medicine%20primary%20care%20training%20programs.%20The%20intervention%20was%20one%20of%20two%202-hour%20VP-based%20e-learning%20programs%2C%20designed%20by%20national%20experts%20to%20teach%20structured%20screening%2C%20brief%20interventions%2C%20referral%2C%20and%20treatment%20skills.%20One%20used%20traditional%20problem%20solving%20with%20feedback%20%28unworked%20example%29%2C%20and%20the%20other%20incorporated%20an%20expert%20demonstration%20first%2C%20followed%20by%20problem%20solving%20with%20feedback%20%28worked%20example%29.%20The%20main%20outcome%20measure%20was%20performance%20on%20the%20Physicians%27%20Competence%20in%20Substance%20Abuse%20Test%20%28P-CSAT%2C%20maximum%20score%20%3D%20315%29%2C%20a%20self-administered%2C%20previously%20validated%20measure%20of%20physicians%27%20competence%20in%20managing%20substance%20abuse.%20The%20survey%20was%20completed%20at%20the%20outset%20of%20the%20study%20and%20two%20months%20later.%5CnRESULTS%3A%20Overall%20P-CSAT%20scores%20were%20virtually%20identical%20%28202-211%2C%20P%20%3E%20.05%29%20between%20both%20intervention%20groups%20and%20the%20no-training%20control%20group%20at%20both%20times.%20Average%20faculty%20P-CSAT%20scores%20%28221.9%2C%20224.6%29%20were%20significantly%20higher%20%28P%20%3C%20.01%29%20than%20resident%20scores%20%28203.7%2C%20202.5%29%20at%20both%20times.%5CnCONCLUSIONS%3A%20This%20study%20did%20not%20provide%20evidence%20that%20a%20brief%2C%20worked%20example%2C%20VP-based%20e-learning%20program%20or%20a%20traditional%2C%20unworked%2C%20VP-based%20e-learning%20program%20was%20superior%20to%20no%20training%20in%20improving%20physicians%27%20substance%20abuse%20management%20skills.%20The%20study%20did%20provide%20additional%20evidence%20that%20the%20P-CSAT%20distinguishes%20between%20physicians%20who%20should%20possess%20different%20levels%20of%20substance%20abuse%20management%20skills.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Sep%202013%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22ENG%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1097%5C%2FACM.0b013e31829e7ec6%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221938-808X%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22L242WUL9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A27Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22BF457KG6%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Brown%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222010-11%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EBrown%20RS%2C%20Graham%20CL%2C%20Richeson%20N%2C%20Wu%20J%2C%20McDermott%20S.%20Evaluation%20of%20medical%20student%20performance%20on%20objective%20structured%20clinical%20exams%20with%20standardized%20patients%20with%20and%20without%20disabilities.%20Acad%20Med.%202010%20Nov%3B85%2811%29%3A1766%26%23x2013%3B71.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Evaluation%20of%20medical%20student%20performance%20on%20objective%20structured%20clinical%20exams%20with%20standardized%20patients%20with%20and%20without%20disabilities%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Rachel%20S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Brown%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Catherine%20Leigh%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Graham%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Nancy%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Richeson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Junlong%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Wu%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Suzanne%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22McDermott%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22PURPOSE%3A%20To%20investigate%20whether%20medical%20students%27%20performance%20on%20a%20family%20medicine%20clerkship%20objective%20structured%20clinical%20exam%20%28OSCE%29%20differed%20when%20the%20standardized%20patient%20%28SP%29%20had%20a%20disability%20versus%20when%20the%20SP%20did%20not%20have%20a%20disability.%5CnMETHOD%3A%20SPs%20with%20spinal%20cord%20injury%20%28SP-SCI%29%2C%20SPs%20with%20intellectual%20disability%20%28SP-ID%29%2C%20and%20SPs%20without%20a%20disability%20participated%20separately%20in%20two%20OSCE%20scenarios%20that%20were%20administered%20by%20the%20University%20of%20South%20Carolina%20School%20of%20Medicine%27s%20Department%20of%20Family%20and%20Preventive%20Medicine%20from%202007%20to%202009.%20OSCE%20scores%20were%20determined%20based%20on%20the%20number%20of%20critical%20actions%20completed%20by%20the%20student%2C%20and%20scores%20were%20analyzed%20to%20determine%20differences%20among%20scenarios.%5CnRESULTS%3A%20Students%20scored%20lower%20in%20history%2C%20physical%20exam%2C%20lab%20tests%2C%20and%20interpersonal%20skills%20with%20an%20SP-SCI%2C%20and%20lower%20in%20history%2C%20physical%20exam%2C%20and%20lab%20tests%20with%20an%20SP-ID%20than%20did%20students%20interacting%20with%20SPs%20without%20a%20disability.%20The%20odds%20ratio%20for%20ordering%20a%20hemoglobin%20A1c%20in%20one%20scenario%20was%204.16%20times%20higher%20in%20cases%20when%20the%20SP%20did%20not%20have%20a%20disability%20%2895%25%20confidence%20interval%20%5BCI%5D%201.78-9.17%2C%20P%20%3D%20.001%29.%20In%20the%20second%20scenario%2C%20the%20odds%20ratio%20was%203.08%20times%20higher%20for%20ordering%20a%20urinalysis%20%2895%25%20CI%201.34-7.08%2C%20P%20%3D%20.006%29%20and%20was%202.15%20times%20higher%20for%20providing%20lifestyle%20counseling%20%2895%25%20CI%201.04-4.44%2C%20P%20%3D%20.038%29%20in%20students%20interacting%20with%20SPs%20without%20a%20disability.%5CnCONCLUSIONS%3A%20Students%20performed%20better%20when%20the%20SP%20did%20not%20have%20a%20disability.%20This%20suggests%20that%20greater%20emphasis%20should%20be%20placed%20on%20teaching%20appropriate%20care%20of%20patients%20with%20a%20disability.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Nov%202010%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22ENG%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1097%5C%2FACM.0b013e3181f849dc%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221938-808X%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22L242WUL9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A27Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22D8EQEB5Z%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Fovet-Rabot%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222016-11-08%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EFovet-Rabot.%20Coop%26%23xE9%3Brer%20en%20information%20scientifique%20et%20technique.%202016%20%5Bcited%202016%20Nov%208%5D.%20Eviter%26%23xA0%3B%20les%26%23xA0%3B%20%26%23xE9%3Bditeurs%26%23xA0%3B%20pr%26%23xE9%3Bdateurs%26%23xA0%3B%20%28predatory%20publishers%29%2C%20en%204%20points.%20Available%20from%3A%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fcoop-ist.cirad.fr%5C%2Fcontent%5C%2Fdownload%5C%2F5719%5C%2F42223%5C%2Fversion%5C%2F1%5C%2Ffile%5C%2FCoopIST-editeurs-predateurs20150601.pdf%27%3Ehttp%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fcoop-ist.cirad.fr%5C%2Fcontent%5C%2Fdownload%5C%2F5719%5C%2F42223%5C%2Fversion%5C%2F1%5C%2Ffile%5C%2FCoopIST-editeurs-predateurs20150601.pdf%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22webpage%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Eviter%20%20les%20%20%5Cu00e9diteurs%20%20pr%5Cu00e9dateurs%20%20%28predatory%20publishers%29%2C%20en%204%20points%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Fovet-Rabot%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222016-11-08%2015%3A08%3A38%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fcoop-ist.cirad.fr%5C%2Fcontent%5C%2Fdownload%5C%2F5719%5C%2F42223%5C%2Fversion%5C%2F1%5C%2Ffile%5C%2FCoopIST-editeurs-predateurs20150601.pdf%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22GZG4LDJ6%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A26Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22QXSZHKCT%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Bertignac%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222016-11-08%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EBertignac%20C%2C%20Fouquet%20J%2C%20Marie%20E.%20La%20bibliom%26%23xE9%3Btrie%20%5BInternet%5D.%20Form%40doct.%202016%20%5Bcited%202016%20Nov%208%5D.%20Available%20from%3A%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fguides-formadoct.ueb.eu%5C%2Fbibliometrie%27%3Ehttp%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fguides-formadoct.ueb.eu%5C%2Fbibliometrie%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22blogPost%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22La%20bibliom%5Cu00e9trie%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Catherine%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bertignac%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Josiane%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Fouquet%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Emilie%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Marie%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Qu%27est-ce%20que%20la%20bibliom%5Cu00e9trie%3F%20quels%20sont%20les%20indicateurs%3F%20o%5Cu00f9%20les%20trouver%3F%20quelle%20importance%20pour%20un%20doctorant%20%3F%22%2C%22blogTitle%22%3A%22Form%40doct%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222016-11-08%2014%3A56%3A17%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fguides-formadoct.ueb.eu%5C%2Fbibliometrie%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22Fran%5Cu00e7ais%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22GZG4LDJ6%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A25Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22QYENFJQI%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Catherine%20Bertignac%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222016-11-08%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3ECatherine%20Bertignac%20JF.%20Formadoct.%20La%20bibliom%26%23xE9%3Btrie.%20Introduction.%20%5BInternet%5D.%202016%20%5Bcited%202016%20Nov%208%5D.%20Available%20from%3A%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fguides-formadoct.ueb.eu%5C%2Fbibliometrie%27%3Ehttp%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fguides-formadoct.ueb.eu%5C%2Fbibliometrie%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22webpage%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Formadoct.%20La%20bibliom%5Cu00e9trie.%20Introduction.%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Josiane%20Fouquet%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Catherine%20Bertignac%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Qu%27est-ce%20que%20la%20bibliom%5Cu00e9trie%3F%20quels%20sont%20les%20indicateurs%3F%20o%5Cu00f9%20les%20trouver%3F%20quelle%20importance%20pour%20un%20doctorant%20%3F%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222016-11-08%2014%3A55%3A50%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fguides-formadoct.ueb.eu%5C%2Fbibliometrie%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22GZG4LDJ6%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A24Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%2232ZUF66H%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22BIUSant%5Cu00e9%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222016-01-20%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EBIUSant%26%23xE9%3B.%208%20questions%20sur%20SIGAPS%20et%20SAMPRA%20%5BInternet%5D.%20Le%20blog%20actualit%26%23xE9%3Bs%20de%20la%20BIU%20Sant%26%23xE9%3B.%202016%20%5Bcited%202016%20Nov%208%5D.%20Available%20from%3A%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww2.biusante.parisdescartes.fr%5C%2Fwordpress%5C%2Findex.php%5C%2Fsigaps-sampra%5C%2F%27%3Ehttp%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww2.biusante.parisdescartes.fr%5C%2Fwordpress%5C%2Findex.php%5C%2Fsigaps-sampra%5C%2F%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22blogPost%22%2C%22title%22%3A%228%20questions%20sur%20SIGAPS%20et%20SAMPRA%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22BIUSant%5Cu00e9%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Les%20indicateurs%20bibliom%5Cu00e9triques%20sont%20de%20plus%20en%20plus%20utilis%5Cu00e9s%20pour%20%5Cu00e9valuer%20les%20%5Cu00e9quipes%20de%20recherche%20et%20d%5Cu00e9finir%20les%20strat%5Cu00e9gies%20de%20publication%20%5Cu00e0%20suivre.%20En%20France%20existe%20notamment%20SIGAPS%20%28pour%20%5Cu00ab%20syst%5Cu00e8me%20d%5Cu2019interrogation%2C%20de%20gestion%20et%20d%5Cu2019analyse%20des%20publications%20scientifiques%20%5Cu00bb%29%20qui%20recense%20les%20publications%20des%20m%5Cu00e9decins%20sur%20PubMed.%20Initi%5Cu00e9%20en%202002%2C%20ce%20projet%20va%20bient%5Cu00f4t%20%5Cu2026%20Continuer%20la%20lecture%20de%20%5Cu00ab%5Cu00a08%20questions%20sur%20SIGAPS%20et%20SAMPRA%5Cu00a0%5Cu00bb%22%2C%22blogTitle%22%3A%22Le%20blog%20actualit%5Cu00e9s%20de%20la%20BIU%20Sant%5Cu00e9%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222016-01-20T11%3A33%3A24%2B01%3A00%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww2.biusante.parisdescartes.fr%5C%2Fwordpress%5C%2Findex.php%5C%2Fsigaps-sampra%5C%2F%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22GZG4LDJ6%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A23Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22KTK33XPA%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Maisonneuve%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222016-11-08%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EMaisonneuve%20H.%20R%26%23xE9%3Bdaction%20M%26%23xE9%3Bdicale%20et%20Scientifique.%202016%20%5Bcited%202016%20Nov%208%5D.%20Que%20penser%20de%20Penelope%26%23x202F%3B%3F%20C%26%23x2019%3Best%20un%20site%20pour%20identifier%20les%20erreurs%20dans%20les%20manuscrits....%20bonne%20id%26%23xE9%3Be%2C%20mais%20utile%26%23x202F%3B%3F%20Available%20from%3A%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.h2mw.eu%5C%2Fredactionmedicale%5C%2F2015%5C%2F11%5C%2Fque-penser-de-penelope-un-site-pour-identifier-les-erreurs-dans-les-manuscrits.html%27%3Ehttp%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.h2mw.eu%5C%2Fredactionmedicale%5C%2F2015%5C%2F11%5C%2Fque-penser-de-penelope-un-site-pour-identifier-les-erreurs-dans-les-manuscrits.html%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22webpage%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Que%20penser%20de%20Penelope%20%3F%20C%27est%20un%20site%20pour%20identifier%20les%20erreurs%20dans%20les%20manuscrits....%20bonne%20id%5Cu00e9e%2C%20mais%20utile%20%3F%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Herv%5Cu00e9%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Maisonneuve%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222016-11-08%2013%3A49%3A54%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.h2mw.eu%5C%2Fredactionmedicale%5C%2F2015%5C%2F11%5C%2Fque-penser-de-penelope-un-site-pour-identifier-les-erreurs-dans-les-manuscrits.html%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22GZG4LDJ6%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A22Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%226274UDHE%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Coulon%20and%20Piette%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222008-11-20%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3ECoulon%20JP%2C%20Piette%20E.%20Aphtes%20banals%2C%20aphtose%20buccale%20r%26%23xE9%3Bcidivante%20et%20maladie%20de%20Beh%26%23xE7%3Bet.%20https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww-em--premium-com.frodon-biusante.parisdescartes.fr%5C%2Fdata%5C%2Ftraites%5C%2Fmb%5C%2F28-53228%5C%2F%20%5BInternet%5D.%202008%20Nov%2020%20%5Bcited%202016%20Nov%208%5D%3B%20Available%20from%3A%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww-em--premium-com.frodon-biusante.parisdescartes.fr%5C%2Farticle%5C%2F189348%5C%2Fresultatrecherche%5C%2F5%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww-em--premium-com.frodon-biusante.parisdescartes.fr%5C%2Farticle%5C%2F189348%5C%2Fresultatrecherche%5C%2F5%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Aphtes%20banals%2C%20aphtose%20buccale%20r%5Cu00e9cidivante%20et%20maladie%20de%20Beh%5Cu00e7et%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.-P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Coulon%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Piette%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22M%5Cu00e9decine%20buccale%20-%2028-280-V-10%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2220%5C%2F11%5C%2F2008%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22fr%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221877-7864%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww-em--premium-com.frodon-biusante.parisdescartes.fr%5C%2Farticle%5C%2F189348%5C%2Fresultatrecherche%5C%2F5%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A18Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%2232CUPJTC%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Gaba%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222004-10-01%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EGaba%20DM.%20The%20future%20vision%20of%20simulation%20in%20health%20care.%20Quality%20and%20Safety%20in%20Health%20Care%20%5BInternet%5D.%202004%20Oct%201%20%5Bcited%202016%20Nov%203%5D%3B13%28suppl_1%29%3Ai2%26%23x2013%3B10.%20Available%20from%3A%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fqualitysafety.bmj.com%5C%2Flookup%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2F10.1136%5C%2Fqshc.2004.009878%27%3Ehttp%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fqualitysafety.bmj.com%5C%2Flookup%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2F10.1136%5C%2Fqshc.2004.009878%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22The%20future%20vision%20of%20simulation%20in%20health%20care%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22D%20M%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gaba%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222004-10-01%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1136%5C%2Fqshc.2004.009878%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221475-3898%2C%201475-3901%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fqualitysafety.bmj.com%5C%2Flookup%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2F10.1136%5C%2Fqshc.2004.009878%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22ZIZSMRE5%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A17Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22XG9R6EX9%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22parsedDate%22%3A%222016-03-24%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EJWE15118_09_07_2011.pdf%20%5BInternet%5D.%202016%20%5Bcited%202016%20Mar%2024%5D.%20Available%20from%3A%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fjama-jamanetwork-com.frodon-biusante.parisdescartes.fr%5C%2Fdata%5C%2FJournals%5C%2FJAMA%5C%2F22464%5C%2FJWE15118_09_07_2011.pdf%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fjama-jamanetwork-com.frodon-biusante.parisdescartes.fr%5C%2Fdata%5C%2FJournals%5C%2FJAMA%5C%2F22464%5C%2FJWE15118_09_07_2011.pdf%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22webpage%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22JWE15118_09_07_2011.pdf%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222016-03-24%2020%3A19%3A58%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fjama-jamanetwork-com.frodon-biusante.parisdescartes.fr%5C%2Fdata%5C%2FJournals%5C%2FJAMA%5C%2F22464%5C%2FJWE15118_09_07_2011.pdf%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22L242WUL9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A14Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%229BCWDIKW%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Weller%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222016-10-01%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EWeller%20J.%20Simulation%20Training%20for%20Medical%20Emergencies%20In%20General%20Practice.%20In%202016%20%5Bcited%202016%20Oct%201%5D.%20Available%20from%3A%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.academia.edu%5C%2F295022%5C%2FSimulation_Training_for_Medical_Emergencies_In_General_Practice%27%3Ehttp%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.academia.edu%5C%2F295022%5C%2FSimulation_Training_for_Medical_Emergencies_In_General_Practice%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22conferencePaper%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Simulation%20Training%20for%20Medical%20Emergencies%20In%20General%20Practice%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jennifer%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Weller%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Simulation%20Training%20for%20Medical%20Emergencies%20In%20General%20Practice%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222016-10-01%2012%3A24%3A26%22%2C%22proceedingsTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22conferenceName%22%3A%22%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISBN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.academia.edu%5C%2F295022%5C%2FSimulation_Training_for_Medical_Emergencies_In_General_Practice%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22L242WUL9%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A12Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22LQM87R78%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Hureaux%20and%20Urban%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222015%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EHureaux%20J%2C%20Urban%20T.%20La%20simulation%20en%20pneumologie%26%23x202F%3B%3A%20rationnel%2C%20donn%26%23xE9%3Bes%20de%20la%20litt%26%23xE9%3Brature%20et%20perspectives.%20Revue%20des%20Maladies%20Respiratoires%20%5BInternet%5D.%202015%20%5Bcited%202016%20Sep%2029%5D%3B32%2810%29%3A969%26%23x2013%3B84.%20Available%20from%3A%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%5C%2Fretrieve%5C%2Fpii%5C%2FS0761842515001874%27%3Ehttp%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%5C%2Fretrieve%5C%2Fpii%5C%2FS0761842515001874%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22La%20simulation%20en%20pneumologie%20%3A%20rationnel%2C%20donn%5Cu00e9es%20de%20la%20litt%5Cu00e9rature%20et%20perspectives%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hureaux%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22T.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Urban%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2212%5C%2F2015%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22fr%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.rmr.2015.04.020%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%2207618425%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%5C%2Fretrieve%5C%2Fpii%5C%2FS0761842515001874%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A10Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%226P24FIKZ%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Haute%20Autorit%5Cu00e9%20de%20Sant%5Cu00e9%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222012%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EHaute%20Autorit%26%23xE9%3B%20de%20Sant%26%23xE9%3B.%20Guide%20de%20bonnes%20pratiques%20en%20mati%26%23xE8%3Bre%20de%20simulation%20en%20sant%26%23xE9%3B%20%5BInternet%5D.%202012%20%5Bcited%202016%20Sep%2029%5D.%20Available%20from%3A%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.has-sante.fr%5C%2Fportail%5C%2Fupload%5C%2Fdocs%5C%2Fapplication%5C%2Fpdf%5C%2F2013-01%5C%2Fguide_bonnes_pratiques_simulation_sante_guide.pdf%27%3Ehttp%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.has-sante.fr%5C%2Fportail%5C%2Fupload%5C%2Fdocs%5C%2Fapplication%5C%2Fpdf%5C%2F2013-01%5C%2Fguide_bonnes_pratiques_simulation_sante_guide.pdf%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22report%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Guide%20de%20bonnes%20pratiques%20en%20mati%5Cu00e8re%20de%20simulation%20en%20sant%5Cu00e9%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Haute%20Autorit%5Cu00e9%20de%20Sant%5Cu00e9%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22reportNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22reportType%22%3A%22%22%2C%22institution%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222012%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.has-sante.fr%5C%2Fportail%5C%2Fupload%5C%2Fdocs%5C%2Fapplication%5C%2Fpdf%5C%2F2013-01%5C%2Fguide_bonnes_pratiques_simulation_sante_guide.pdf%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22GYEE5AQ2%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A09Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%224KTMK93Q%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Poelman%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222013%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EPoelman%20T.%20Rapport%20de%20hasards%20%28hazard%20ratio%2C%20HR%29%20et%20risque%20relatif.%20Minerva%20%5BInternet%5D.%202013%20%5Bcited%202016%20Sep%2029%5D%3B12%2810%29%3A129.%20Available%20from%3A%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27file%3A%5C%2F%5C%2F%5C%2FUsers%5C%2FNico%5C%2FDownloads%5C%2F12_10_129-129.pdf%27%3Efile%3A%5C%2F%5C%2F%5C%2FUsers%5C%2FNico%5C%2FDownloads%5C%2F12_10_129-129.pdf%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Rapport%20de%20hasards%20%28hazard%20ratio%2C%20HR%29%20et%20risque%20relatif%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Tom%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Poelman%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2212%5C%2F2013%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22file%3A%5C%2F%5C%2F%5C%2FUsers%5C%2FNico%5C%2FDownloads%5C%2F12_10_129-129.pdf%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A09Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22B29XTK6Y%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22BMJ%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222016-09-08%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3EBMJ.%20Publications%20%5BInternet%5D.%202016%20%5Bcited%202016%20Sep%208%5D.%20Available%20from%3A%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.bmj.com%5C%2Fabout-bmj%5C%2Fresources-readers%5C%2Fpublications%27%3Ehttp%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.bmj.com%5C%2Fabout-bmj%5C%2Fresources-readers%5C%2Fpublications%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22webpage%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Publications%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22BMJ%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222016-09-08%2008%3A07%3A00%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.bmj.com%5C%2Fabout-bmj%5C%2Fresources-readers%5C%2Fpublications%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22GZG4LDJ6%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A07Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22HGEVX73J%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A1093634%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Cucherat%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222016-09-08%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%201.35%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22clear%3A%20left%3B%20%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-left-margin%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22float%3A%20left%3B%20padding-right%3A%200.5em%3B%20text-align%3A%20right%3B%20width%3A%201em%3B%5C%22%3E1.%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-right-inline%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22margin%3A%200%20.4em%200%201.5em%3B%5C%22%3ECucherat%20M.%20Lecture%20critique%20%5BInternet%5D.%202016%20%5Bcited%202016%20Sep%208%5D.%20Available%20from%3A%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.spc.univ-lyon1.fr%5C%2Flecture-critique%5C%2F%27%3Ehttp%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.spc.univ-lyon1.fr%5C%2Flecture-critique%5C%2F%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%20%20%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22webpage%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Lecture%20critique%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Michel%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Cucherat%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222016-09-08%2008%3A01%3A04%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.spc.univ-lyon1.fr%5C%2Flecture-critique%5C%2F%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22GZG4LDJ6%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222021-01-11T12%3A12%3A06Z%22%7D%7D%5D%7D
1.
Matayong S, Jetwanna KW, Choksuchat C, Choosawang S, Trakulmaykee N, Limsuwan S, et al. IoT-based systems and applications for elderly healthcare: a systematic review. Univ Access Inf Soc [Internet]. 2023 Nov 2 [cited 2024 Oct 8]; Available from:
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10209-023-01055-1
1.
Ferrara M, Bertozzi G, Di Fazio N, Aquila I, Di Fazio A, Maiese A, et al. Risk Management and Patient Safety in the Artificial Intelligence Era: A Systematic Review. Healthcare [Internet]. 2024 Jan [cited 2024 Oct 8];12(5):549. Available from:
https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/12/5/549
1.
Kumar Y, Koul A, Singla R, Ijaz MF. Artificial intelligence in disease diagnosis: a systematic literature review, synthesizing framework and future research agenda. J Ambient Intell Human Comput [Internet]. 2023 Jul 1 [cited 2024 Oct 8];14(7):8459–86. Available from:
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12652-021-03612-z
1.
Glenn JK, Goldman J. Task delegation to physician extenders--some comparisons. Am J Public Health. 1976 Jan;66(1):64–6.
1.
Heerspink HJL, Stefánsson BV, Correa-Rotter R, Chertow GM, Greene T, Hou FF, et al. Dapagliflozin in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease. N Engl J Med [Internet]. 2020 Oct 8 [cited 2023 Nov 21];383(15):1436–46. Available from:
https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2024816
1.
Heerspink HJL, Stefánsson BV, Correa-Rotter R, Chertow GM, Greene T, Hou FF, et al. Dapagliflozin in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease. N Engl J Med [Internet]. 2020 Oct 8 [cited 2023 Nov 21];383(15):1436–46. Available from:
https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2024816
1.
Frappé P, Druais PL, Petersen W, Association française des jeunes chercheurs en médecine générale (Lyon). Initiation à la recherche. 2018.
1.
Becker J. Active Allyship. Public Services Quarterly. 2017 0;13(1):27–31.
1.
Bucher S, Maury A, Rosso J, de Chanaud N, Bloy G, Pendola-Luchel I, et al. Time and feasibility of prevention in primary care. Fam Pract. 2017;34(1):49–56.
1.
Le Lous M, De Chanaud N, Bourret A, Senat MV, Colmant C, Jaury P, et al. Improving the quality of transvaginal ultrasound scan by simulation training for general practice residents. Adv Simul (Lond). 2017;2:24.
1.
Le Lous M, De Chanaud N, Bourret A, Senat MV, Colmant C, Jaury P, et al. Improving the quality of transvaginal ultrasound scan by simulation training for general practice residents. Advances in Simulation [Internet]. 2017 Nov 21 [cited 2018 Mar 10];2:24. Available from:
https://doi.org/10.1186/s41077-017-0056-z
1.
de Chanaud N, Boukari L, Gérin M, Mekinian A, Fain O. [Typhoid fever. Sore throat, macrophage activation syndrome and glomerulonephritis]. Rev Prat. 2012 Oct;62(8):1056.
1.
de Chanaud N, Sidrokiewitcz S. Comparaison de l’efficacité d’une évaluation gériatrique en soins primaires réalisée par une infirmière ou un médecin généraliste. D’après une communication de : Ferrat E, Attali C, Audureau E. Exercer. 2017;132:160–1.
1.
Neuman MD, Goldstein JN, Cirullo MA, Schwartz JS. Durability of class I American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association clinical practice guideline recommendations. JAMA. 2014 May;311(20):2092–100.
1.
Bucher S, Maury A, Rosso J, de Chanaud N, Bloy G, Pendola-Luchel I, et al. Time and feasibility of prevention in primary care. Fam Pract. 2017 Feb;34(1):49–56.
1.
Alderson LJH, Alderson P, Tan T. Median life span of a cohort of National Institute for Health and Care Excellence clinical guidelines was about 60 months. J Clin Epidemiol. 2014 Jan;67(1):52–5.
1.
Michel P, Quenon JL, Djihoud A. Les événements indésirables graves liés au soins observés dans les établissements de santé : premiers résultats d’une étude nationale. Etudes et Résultats [Internet]. 2005 [cited 2017 Mar 23];(398). Available from:
http://social-sante.gouv.fr/IMG/pdf/ENEIS_1.pdf
1.
Chaleix M, IZOTTE-KRET M, Régine BS, QUENON JL, OLIER L. Les événements indésirables graves associés aux soins observés dans les établissements de santé - Résultat des enquêtes nationales menées en 2009 et 2004. Solidarité Santé [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2017 Mar 23];(17). Available from:
http://www.guidedesdemarches.com/DOCS/DOC123.pdf
1.
Jegu J, Braun M, Pelaccia T. Quelle est la motivation des étudiants en médecine pour l’apprentissage de la lecture critique d’article ? Pédagogie Médicale [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2017 Jan 5];15(4):259–67. Available from:
http://www.pedagogie-medicale.org/10.1051/pmed/2014019
1.
Association pédagogique nationale pour l’enseignement de la thérapeutique (France), Durocher A. LCA-UE 12: formation générale à la recherche : iECN 2016, 2017, 2018 : cours + entraînement. Paris: Med-Line éditions; 2015.
1.
Moak JH, Larese SR, Riordan JP, Sudhir A, Yan G. Training in transvaginal sonography using pelvic ultrasound simulators versus live models: a randomized controlled trial. Acad Med. 2014 Jul;89(7):1063–8.
1.
Dorton LH, Lintzenich CR, Evans AK. Simulation model for tracheotomy education for primary health-care providers. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2014 Jan;123(1):11–8.
1.
Sukalich S, Elliott JO, Ruffner G. Teaching medical error disclosure to residents using patient-centered simulation training. Acad Med. 2014 Jan;89(1):136–43.
1.
Prislin MD, Fitzpatrick CF, Lie D, Giglio M, Radecki S, Lewis E. Use of an objective structured clinical examination in evaluating student performance. Fam Med. 1998 May;30(5):338–44.
1.
Harris JM, Sun H. A randomized trial of two e-learning strategies for teaching substance abuse management skills to physicians. Acad Med. 2013 Sep;88(9):1357–62.
1.
Brown RS, Graham CL, Richeson N, Wu J, McDermott S. Evaluation of medical student performance on objective structured clinical exams with standardized patients with and without disabilities. Acad Med. 2010 Nov;85(11):1766–71.
Laisser un commentaire
Vous devez vous connecter pour publier un commentaire.